完全内存中的解决方案。spring.*根据需要替换属性。

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.qpid</groupId>
  <artifactId>qpid-broker</artifactId>
  <version>6.1.1</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>



public class EmbeddedBroker {
  public void start() {
    Broker broker = new Broker();
    BrokerOptions brokerOptions = new BrokerOptions();
    brokerOptions.setConfigProperty("qpid.amqp_port", environment.getProperty("spring.rabbitmq.port"));
    brokerOptions.setConfigProperty("qpid.broker.defaultPreferenceStoreAttributes", "{\"type\": \"Noop\"}");
    brokerOptions.setConfigProperty("qpid.vhost", environment.getProperty("spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host"));
    brokerOptions.setConfigurationStoreType("Memory");
    brokerOptions.setStartupLoggedToSystemOut(false);
    broker.startup(brokerOptions);
  }
}

添加initial-config.json为资源：

{
  "name": "Embedded Test Broker",
  "modelVersion": "6.1",
  "authenticationproviders" : [{
    "name": "password",
    "type": "Plain",
    "secureOnlyMechanisms": [],
    "users": [{"name": "guest", "password": "guest", "type": "managed"}]
  }],
  "ports": [{
    "name": "AMQP",
    "port": "${qpid.amqp_port}",
    "authenticationProvider": "password",
    "protocols": [ "AMQP_0_9_1" ],
    "transports": [ "TCP" ],
    "virtualhostaliases": [{
      "name": "${qpid.vhost}",
      "type": "nameAlias"
    }]
  }],
  "virtualhostnodes" : [{
    "name": "${qpid.vhost}",
    "type": "Memory",
    "virtualHostInitialConfiguration": "{ \"type\": \"Memory\" }"
  }]
}