搜寻了一下之后，我偶然发现了一个讨论，其中“蓝墨水”留下的评论指出：

检查页面，我设法使用以下方法重现了这些页面：

@ -ms-viewport {width：device-width; }

这会导致滚动条变得透明。这是有道理的，因为内容现在占据了整个屏幕。

在这种情况下，添加：

溢出-y：自动;

使滚动条自动隐藏

// IE10 in Windows (Phone) 8
//
// Support for responsive views via media queries is kind of borked in IE10, for
// Surface/desktop in split view and for Windows Phone 8. This particular fix
// must be accompanied by a snippet of JavaScript to sniff the user agent and
// apply some conditional CSS to *only* the Surface/desktop Windows 8. Look at
// our Getting Started page for more information on this bug.
//
// For more information, see the following:
//
// Issue: https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/issues/10497
// Docs: http://getbootstrap.com/getting-started/#support-ie10-width
// Source: http://timkadlec.com/2013/01/windows-phone-8-and-device-width/
// Source: http://timkadlec.com/2012/10/ie10-snap-mode-and-responsive-design/

@-ms-viewport {
  width: device-width;
}

此代码段是导致此问题的原因。我建议阅读上面注释代码中列出的链接。（它们是在我最初发布此答案后添加的。）