我正在尝试编写一个脚本，该脚本通过创建随机utf-8编码的字符串，然后将其解码为unicode来生成随机unicode。对于单个字节，它工作正常，但是对于两个字节，它将失败。

例如，如果我在python shell中运行以下命令：

>>> a = str()

>>> a += chr(0xc0) + chr(0xaf)

>>> print a.decode('utf-8')

UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf8' codec can't decode byte 0xc0 in position 0: invalid start byte

根据utf-8方案https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8#Description，字节序列0xc0 0xaf应以0xc0开头110和0xaf开头都有效10。

这是我的python脚本：

def unicode(self):
    '''returns a random (astral) utf encoded byte string'''
    num_bytes = random.randint(1,4)
    if num_bytes == 1:
        return self.gen_utf8(num_bytes, 0x00, 0x7F)
    elif num_bytes == 2:
        return self.gen_utf8(num_bytes, 0xC0, 0xDF)
    elif num_bytes == 3:
        return self.gen_utf8(num_bytes, 0xE0, 0xEF)
    elif num_bytes == 4:
        return self.gen_utf8(num_bytes, 0xF0, 0xF7)

def gen_utf8(self, num_bytes, start_val, end_val):
    byte_str = list()
    byte_str.append(random.randrange(start_val, end_val)) # start byte
    for i in range(0,num_bytes-1):
        byte_str.append(random.randrange(0x80,0xBF)) # trailing bytes
    a = str()
    sum = int()
    for b in byte_str:
        a += chr(b) 
    ret = a.decode('utf-8')
    return ret

if __name__ == "__main__":
    g = GenFuzz()
    print g.gen_utf8(2,0xC0,0xDF)