我正在尝试使用MySQL数据库创建一个容器并将架构添加到这些数据库。
我当前的Dockerfile是:
FROM mysql MAINTAINER (me) <email> # Copy the database schema to the /data directory COPY files/epcis_schema.sql /data/epcis_schema.sql # Change the working directory WORKDIR data CMD mysql -u $MYSQL_USER -p $MYSQL_PASSWORD $MYSQL_DATABASE < epcis_schema.sql
为了创建容器,我遵循Docker提供的文档并执行以下命令:
docker run --name ${CONTAINER_NAME} -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=${DB_ROOT_PASSWORD} -e MYSQL_USER=${DB_USER} -e MYSQL_PASSWORD=${DB_USER_PASSWORD} -e MYSQL_DATABASE=${DB_NAME} -d mvpgomes/epcisdb
但是,当我执行此命令时,未创建容器,并且在容器状态下,可以看到未成功执行CMD,实际上仅mysql执行了命令。
mysql
无论如何,有没有一种方法可以使用架构初始化数据库,或者我需要手动执行这些操作?
对于如此长的答案,我感到很抱歉,但是,您还有一点路要走。我会说通常情况下,您不会将数据库的存储空间与数据库本身放在相同的容器中,而是会挂载主机卷以使数据保留在Docker主机上,或者可能会使用一个容器保存数据(/ var / lib / mysql)。另外,我是mysql的新手,所以,这可能不是超级有效。那个…
我认为这里可能存在一些问题。Dockerfile用于创建映像。您需要执行构建步骤。至少,在包含Dockerfile的目录中,您将执行以下操作:
docker build .
Dockerfile描述了要创建的映像。我对mysql不太了解(我是一名Postgres迷),但是,我在互连网上进行了搜索,以查找“如何初始化mysql docker容器”。首先,我创建了一个新目录以供使用,我将其称为mdir,然后创建了一个文件目录,该目录存放了一个epcis_schema.sql文件,该文件创建了一个数据库和一个表:
create database test; use test; CREATE TABLE testtab ( id INTEGER AUTO_INCREMENT, name TEXT, PRIMARY KEY (id) ) COMMENT='this is my test table';
然后,我在文件目录中创建了一个名为init_db的脚本:
#!/bin/bash # Initialize MySQL database. # ADD this file into the container via Dockerfile. # Assuming you specify a VOLUME ["/var/lib/mysql"] or `-v /var/lib/mysql` on the `docker run` command… # Once built, do e.g. `docker run your_image /path/to/docker-mysql-initialize.sh` # Again, make sure MySQL is persisting data outside the container for this to have any effect. set -e set -x mysql_install_db # Start the MySQL daemon in the background. /usr/sbin/mysqld & mysql_pid=$! until mysqladmin ping >/dev/null 2>&1; do echo -n "."; sleep 0.2 done # Permit root login without password from outside container. mysql -e "GRANT ALL ON *.* TO root@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '' WITH GRANT OPTION" # create the default database from the ADDed file. mysql < /tmp/epcis_schema.sql # Tell the MySQL daemon to shutdown. mysqladmin shutdown # Wait for the MySQL daemon to exit. wait $mysql_pid # create a tar file with the database as it currently exists tar czvf default_mysql.tar.gz /var/lib/mysql # the tarfile contains the initialized state of the database. # when the container is started, if the database is empty (/var/lib/mysql) # then it is unpacked from default_mysql.tar.gz from # the ENTRYPOINT /tmp/run_db script
(此脚本的大部分内容是从此处删除的:https : //gist.github.com/pda/9697520)
这是我创建的files / run_db脚本:
# start db set -e set -x # first, if the /var/lib/mysql directory is empty, unpack it from our predefined db [ "$(ls -A /var/lib/mysql)" ] && echo "Running with existing database in /var/lib/mysql" || ( echo 'Populate initial db'; tar xpzvf default_mysql.tar.gz ) /usr/sbin/mysqld
最后,Dockerfile将它们全部绑定:
FROM mysql MAINTAINER (me) <email> # Copy the database schema to the /data directory ADD files/run_db files/init_db files/epcis_schema.sql /tmp/ # init_db will create the default # database from epcis_schema.sql, then # stop mysqld, and finally copy the /var/lib/mysql directory # to default_mysql_db.tar.gz RUN /tmp/init_db # run_db starts mysqld, but first it checks # to see if the /var/lib/mysql directory is empty, if # it is it is seeded with default_mysql_db.tar.gz before # the mysql is fired up ENTRYPOINT "/tmp/run_db"
因此,我进入了我的mdir目录(该目录具有Dockerfile和files目录)。然后,我运行命令:
docker build --no-cache .
您应该看到如下输出:
Sending build context to Docker daemon 7.168 kB Sending build context to Docker daemon Step 0 : FROM mysql ---> 461d07d927e6 Step 1 : MAINTAINER (me) <email> ---> Running in 963e8de55299 ---> 2fd67c825c34 Removing intermediate container 963e8de55299 Step 2 : ADD files/run_db files/init_db files/epcis_schema.sql /tmp/ ---> 81871189374b Removing intermediate container 3221afd8695a Step 3 : RUN /tmp/init_db ---> Running in 8dbdf74b2a79 + mysql_install_db 2015-03-19 16:40:39 12 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages ... /var/lib/mysql/ib_logfile0 ---> 885ec2f1a7d5 Removing intermediate container 8dbdf74b2a79 Step 4 : ENTRYPOINT "/tmp/run_db" ---> Running in 717ed52ba665 ---> 7f6d5215fe8d Removing intermediate container 717ed52ba665 Successfully built 7f6d5215fe8d
您现在有一个图像‘7f6d5215fe8d’。我可以运行此图像:
docker run -d 7f6d5215fe8d
图像开始,我看到一个实例字符串:
4b377ac7397ff5880bc9218abe6d7eadd49505d50efb5063d6fab796ee157bd3
然后,我可以“停止”它,然后重新启动它。
docker stop 4b377 docker start 4b377
如果您查看日志,第一行将包含:
docker logs 4b377 Populate initial db var/lib/mysql/ ...
然后,在日志末尾:
Running with existing database in /var/lib/mysql
这些是来自/ tmp / run_db脚本的消息,第一个消息指示数据库已从保存的(初始)版本中解压缩,第二个消息指示数据库已经存在,因此使用了现有副本。
这是我上面描述的目录结构的ls -lR。请注意,init_db和run_db是设置了执行位的脚本:
gregs-air:~ gfausak$ ls -Rl mdir total 8 -rw-r--r-- 1 gfausak wheel 534 Mar 19 11:13 Dockerfile drwxr-xr-x 5 gfausak staff 170 Mar 19 11:24 files mdir/files: total 24 -rw-r--r-- 1 gfausak staff 126 Mar 19 11:14 epcis_schema.sql -rwxr-xr-x 1 gfausak staff 1226 Mar 19 11:16 init_db -rwxr-xr-x 1 gfausak staff 284 Mar 19 11:23 run_db