我有一个拥有6000万个条目的数据库。
每个条目包含：
select *
from Entries where time between “2010-04-01 00:00:00” and “2010-05-01 00:00:00”
（查询大约需要1.5分钟）
大约有50-100个不同的DataSourceID。
有没有办法使它更快？我有什么选择？如何优化此数据库/查询？
编辑： 有大约。每秒钟60-100次插入！
利用innodb集群主键索引。
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/innodb-index- types.html
这将是非常出色的：
create table datasources ( year_id smallint unsigned not null, month_id tinyint unsigned not null, datasource_id tinyint unsigned not null, id int unsigned not null, -- needed for uniqueness data int unsigned not null default 0, primary key (year_id, month_id, datasource_id, id) ) engine=innodb; select * from datasources where year_id = 2011 and month_id between 1 and 3; select * from datasources where year_id = 2011 and month_id = 4 and datasouce_id = 100; -- etc..
编辑2
忘了我正在运行第一个包含3个月数据的测试脚本。这是一个月的结果：0.34和0.69秒。
select d.* from datasources d where d.year_id = 2010 and d.month_id = 3 and datasource_id = 100 order by d.id desc limit 10; +---------+----------+---------------+---------+-------+ | year_id | month_id | datasource_id | id | data | +---------+----------+---------------+---------+-------+ | 2010 | 3 | 100 | 3290330 | 38434 | | 2010 | 3 | 100 | 3290329 | 9988 | | 2010 | 3 | 100 | 3290328 | 25680 | | 2010 | 3 | 100 | 3290327 | 17627 | | 2010 | 3 | 100 | 3290326 | 64508 | | 2010 | 3 | 100 | 3290325 | 14257 | | 2010 | 3 | 100 | 3290324 | 45950 | | 2010 | 3 | 100 | 3290323 | 49986 | | 2010 | 3 | 100 | 3290322 | 2459 | | 2010 | 3 | 100 | 3290321 | 52971 | +---------+----------+---------------+---------+-------+ 10 rows in set (0.34 sec) select d.* from datasources d where d.year_id = 2010 and d.month_id = 3 order by d.id desc limit 10; +---------+----------+---------------+---------+-------+ | year_id | month_id | datasource_id | id | data | +---------+----------+---------------+---------+-------+ | 2010 | 3 | 116 | 3450346 | 42455 | | 2010 | 3 | 116 | 3450345 | 64039 | | 2010 | 3 | 116 | 3450344 | 27046 | | 2010 | 3 | 116 | 3450343 | 23730 | | 2010 | 3 | 116 | 3450342 | 52380 | | 2010 | 3 | 116 | 3450341 | 35700 | | 2010 | 3 | 116 | 3450340 | 20195 | | 2010 | 3 | 116 | 3450339 | 21758 | | 2010 | 3 | 116 | 3450338 | 51378 | | 2010 | 3 | 116 | 3450337 | 34687 | +---------+----------+---------------+---------+-------+ 10 rows in set (0.69 sec)
编辑1
决定使用大约。3年内分布了6000万行。每个查询都是冷运行的，即每个运行单独运行，然后重新启动mysql，清除所有缓冲区且没有查询缓存。
完整的测试脚本可以在这里找到：http : //pastie.org/1723506或以下…
如您所见，即使在我不起眼的桌面上，它也是一个非常出色的架构：)
select count(*) from datasources; +----------+ | count(*) | +----------+ | 60306030 | +----------+ select count(*) from datasources where year_id = 2010; +----------+ | count(*) | +----------+ | 16691669 | +----------+ select year_id, month_id, count(*) as counter from datasources where year_id = 2010 group by year_id, month_id; +---------+----------+---------+ | year_id | month_id | counter | +---------+----------+---------+ | 2010 | 1 | 1080108 | | 2010 | 2 | 1210121 | | 2010 | 3 | 1160116 | | 2010 | 4 | 1300130 | | 2010 | 5 | 1860186 | | 2010 | 6 | 1220122 | | 2010 | 7 | 1250125 | | 2010 | 8 | 1460146 | | 2010 | 9 | 1730173 | | 2010 | 10 | 1490149 | | 2010 | 11 | 1570157 | | 2010 | 12 | 1360136 | +---------+----------+---------+ 12 rows in set (5.92 sec) select count(*) as counter from datasources d where d.year_id = 2010 and d.month_id between 1 and 3 and datasource_id = 100; +---------+ | counter | +---------+ | 30003 | +---------+ 1 row in set (1.04 sec) explain select d.* from datasources d where d.year_id = 2010 and d.month_id between 1 and 3 and datasource_id = 100 order by d.id desc limit 10; +----+-------------+-------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+---------+-----------------------------+ | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref |rows | Extra | +----+-------------+-------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+---------+-----------------------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | d | range | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 4 | NULL |4451372 | Using where; Using filesort | +----+-------------+-------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+---------+-----------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) select d.* from datasources d where d.year_id = 2010 and d.month_id between 1 and 3 and datasource_id = 100 order by d.id desc limit 10; +---------+----------+---------------+---------+-------+ | year_id | month_id | datasource_id | id | data | +---------+----------+---------------+---------+-------+ | 2010 | 3 | 100 | 3290330 | 38434 | | 2010 | 3 | 100 | 3290329 | 9988 | | 2010 | 3 | 100 | 3290328 | 25680 | | 2010 | 3 | 100 | 3290327 | 17627 | | 2010 | 3 | 100 | 3290326 | 64508 | | 2010 | 3 | 100 | 3290325 | 14257 | | 2010 | 3 | 100 | 3290324 | 45950 | | 2010 | 3 | 100 | 3290323 | 49986 | | 2010 | 3 | 100 | 3290322 | 2459 | | 2010 | 3 | 100 | 3290321 | 52971 | +---------+----------+---------------+---------+-------+ 10 rows in set (0.98 sec) select count(*) as counter from datasources d where d.year_id = 2010 and d.month_id between 1 and 3; +---------+ | counter | +---------+ | 3450345 | +---------+ 1 row in set (1.64 sec) explain select d.* from datasources d where d.year_id = 2010 and d.month_id between 1 and 3 order by d.id desc limit 10; +----+-------------+-------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+---------+-----------------------------+ | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref |rows | Extra | +----+-------------+-------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+---------+-----------------------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | d | range | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 3 | NULL |6566916 | Using where; Using filesort | +----+-------------+-------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+---------+-----------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) select d.* from datasources d where d.year_id = 2010 and d.month_id between 1 and 3 order by d.id desc limit 10; +---------+----------+---------------+---------+-------+ | year_id | month_id | datasource_id | id | data | +---------+----------+---------------+---------+-------+ | 2010 | 3 | 116 | 3450346 | 42455 | | 2010 | 3 | 116 | 3450345 | 64039 | | 2010 | 3 | 116 | 3450344 | 27046 | | 2010 | 3 | 116 | 3450343 | 23730 | | 2010 | 3 | 116 | 3450342 | 52380 | | 2010 | 3 | 116 | 3450341 | 35700 | | 2010 | 3 | 116 | 3450340 | 20195 | | 2010 | 3 | 116 | 3450339 | 21758 | | 2010 | 3 | 116 | 3450338 | 51378 | | 2010 | 3 | 116 | 3450337 | 34687 | +---------+----------+---------------+---------+-------+ 10 rows in set (1.98 sec)
希望这可以帮助 ：）
