我遇到一种情况,我必须将逗号分隔的字符串传递给MySQL过程,然后拆分该字符串,并将这些值作为行插入表中。
如下图所示
例如,如果我将’jhon,swetha,sitha’字符串传递给mysql过程,则它必须用逗号分割该字符串,并将这些值作为3条记录插入表中。
CREATE PROCEDURE new_routine (IN str varchar(30)) BEGIN DECLARE tmp varchar(10); DECLARE inc INT DEFAULT 0; WHILE INSTR(str, ',') DO SET tmp = SUBSTRING(SUBSTRING_INDEX(str,',',inc),LENGTH(SUBSTRING_INDEX(str,',',inc-1))+1),',',''); SET str = REPLACE(str, tmp, ''); //insert tmp into a table. END WHILE; END
但这请没有任何解决方案。
您需要更加谨慎地进行字符串操作。您不能使用REPLACE()它,因为如果用逗号分隔的列表中的一个元素是另一元素的子字符串,它将替换多次出现的数据,从而破坏数据。该INSERT()字符串函数是为了这个美好的,不要与混淆INSERT用于插入到表的语句。
REPLACE()
INSERT()
INSERT
DELIMITER $$ DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `insert_csv` $$ CREATE PROCEDURE `insert_csv`(_list MEDIUMTEXT) BEGIN DECLARE _next TEXT DEFAULT NULL; DECLARE _nextlen INT DEFAULT NULL; DECLARE _value TEXT DEFAULT NULL; iterator: LOOP -- exit the loop if the list seems empty or was null; -- this extra caution is necessary to avoid an endless loop in the proc. IF LENGTH(TRIM(_list)) = 0 OR _list IS NULL THEN LEAVE iterator; END IF; -- capture the next value from the list SET _next = SUBSTRING_INDEX(_list,',',1); -- save the length of the captured value; we will need to remove this -- many characters + 1 from the beginning of the string -- before the next iteration SET _nextlen = LENGTH(_next); -- trim the value of leading and trailing spaces, in case of sloppy CSV strings SET _value = TRIM(_next); -- insert the extracted value into the target table INSERT INTO t1 (c1) VALUES (_value); -- rewrite the original string using the `INSERT()` string function, -- args are original string, start position, how many characters to remove, -- and what to "insert" in their place (in this case, we "insert" -- an empty string, which removes _nextlen + 1 characters) SET _list = INSERT(_list,1,_nextlen + 1,''); END LOOP; END $$ DELIMITER ;
接下来,一个测试表:
CREATE TABLE `t1` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `c1` varchar(64) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
新表为空。
mysql> SELECT * FROM t1; Empty set (0.00 sec)
调用过程。
mysql> CALL insert_csv('foo,bar,buzz,fizz'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
请注意“受影响的第一行”并不意味着您所期望的。它指的是我们所做的最后一次插入。由于我们一次插入一行,因此,如果该过程 至少 插入一行,那么您将始终获得1的行计数。如果该过程不插入任何内容,则将影响0行。
奏效了吗?
mysql> SELECT * FROM t1; +----+------+ | id | c1 | +----+------+ | 1 | foo | | 2 | bar | | 3 | buzz | | 4 | fizz | +----+------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)