我正在设计一个MySQL数据库,该数据库每秒需要处理各种InnoDB表大约600行的插入。我当前的实现使用非批处理的预处理语句。但是,MySQL随着时间的推移,写入数据库瓶颈和队列大小会增加。
MySQL
该实现是用Java编写的,我不知道它的版本。它使用MySQL的Java连接器。我需要考虑改用JDBC明天。我假设这是两个不同的连接器包。
JDBC
我已阅读有关该问题的以下主题:
并从mysql网站:
我的问题是:
有没有人对以批处理方式使用带准备语句的INSERT与使用INSERT带多个VALUE 的单个语句的性能差异有任何建议或经验。
INSERT
什么是之间的性能差异MySQL的Java连接器对JDBC。我应该使用另一个吗?
这些表用于存档目的,将看到〜90%的写入量到〜10%的读取量(甚至更少)。我正在使用InnoDB。这是MyISAM的正确选择吗?
预先感谢您的帮助。
JDBC只是数据库访问的Java SE标准,提供了标准接口,因此您实际上并不局限于特定的JDBC实现。MySQL Java连接器(Connector / J)仅是MySQL数据库的JDBC接口的实现。根据经验,我参与了一个使用MySQL使用大量数据的项目,对于可生成的数据,我们最喜欢使用MyISAM:它可以实现更高的性能损失交易,但总的来说,MyISAM更快,但是InnoDB更可靠。
我也想知道大约一年前INSERT语句的性能,并且在我的代码架中找到了以下旧测试代码(对不起,它有点复杂,而且超出了您的问题范围)。以下代码包含4种插入测试数据的方式的示例:
它使用TestNG作为运行程序,并使用一些自定义代码,例如:
runWithConnection()
try
finally
IUnsafeIn<T, E extends Throwable>-一个自定义的回调接口,用于接受单个参数但可能会引发E类型异常的方法,例如: void handle(T argument) throws E;。
IUnsafeIn<T, E extends Throwable>
void handle(T argument) throws E;
package test;
import test.IUnsafeIn;
import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.PreparedStatement; import java.sql.SQLException;
import static java.lang.String.format; import static java.lang.String.valueOf; import static java.lang.System.currentTimeMillis;
import core.SqlBaseTest; import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite; import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite; import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public final class InsertVsBatchInsertTest extends SqlBaseTest {
private static final int ITERATION_COUNT = 3000; private static final String CREATE_TABLE_QUERY = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS ttt1 (c1 INTEGER, c2 FLOAT, c3 VARCHAR(5)) ENGINE = InnoDB"; private static final String DROP_TABLE_QUERY = "DROP TABLE ttt1"; private static final String CLEAR_TABLE_QUERY = "DELETE FROM ttt1"; private static void withinTimer(String name, Runnable runnable) { final long start = currentTimeMillis(); runnable.run(); logStdOutF("%20s: %d ms", name, currentTimeMillis() - start); } @BeforeSuite public void createTable() { runWithConnection(new IUnsafeIn<Connection, SQLException>() { @Override public void handle(Connection connection) throws SQLException { final PreparedStatement statement = connection.prepareStatement(CREATE_TABLE_QUERY); statement.execute(); statement.close(); } }); } @AfterSuite public void dropTable() { runWithConnection(new IUnsafeIn<Connection, SQLException>() { @Override public void handle(Connection connection) throws SQLException { final PreparedStatement statement = connection.prepareStatement(DROP_TABLE_QUERY); statement.execute(); statement.close(); } }); } @BeforeTest public void clearTestTable() { runWithConnection(new IUnsafeIn<Connection, SQLException>() { @Override public void handle(Connection connection) throws SQLException { final PreparedStatement statement = connection.prepareStatement(CLEAR_TABLE_QUERY); statement.execute(); statement.close(); } }); } @Test public void run1SingleInserts() { withinTimer("Single inserts", new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { runWithConnection(new IUnsafeIn<Connection, SQLException>() { @Override public void handle(Connection connection) throws SQLException { for ( int i = 0; i < ITERATION_COUNT; i++ ) { final PreparedStatement statement = connection.prepareStatement("INSERT INTO ttt1 (c1, c2, c3) VALUES (?, ?, ?)"); statement.setInt(1, i); statement.setFloat(2, i); statement.setString(3, valueOf(i)); statement.execute(); statement.close(); } } }); } }); } @Test public void run2BatchInsert() { withinTimer("Batch insert", new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { runWithConnection(new IUnsafeIn<Connection, SQLException>() { @Override public void handle(Connection connection) throws SQLException { final PreparedStatement statement = connection.prepareStatement("INSERT INTO ttt1 (c1, c2, c3) VALUES (?, ?, ?)"); for ( int i = 0; i < ITERATION_COUNT; i++ ) { statement.setInt(1, i); statement.setFloat(2, i); statement.setString(3, valueOf(i)); statement.addBatch(); } statement.executeBatch(); statement.close(); } }); } }); } @Test public void run3DirtyBulkInsert() { withinTimer("Dirty bulk insert", new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { runWithConnection(new IUnsafeIn<Connection, SQLException>() { @Override public void handle(Connection connection) throws SQLException { final StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder("INSERT INTO ttt1 (c1, c2, c3) VALUES "); for ( int i = 0; i < ITERATION_COUNT; i++ ) { if ( i != 0 ) { builder.append(","); } builder.append(format("(%s, %s, '%s')", i, i, i)); } final String query = builder.toString(); final PreparedStatement statement = connection.prepareStatement(query); statement.execute(); statement.close(); } }); } }); } @Test public void run4SafeBulkInsert() { withinTimer("Safe bulk insert", new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { runWithConnection(new IUnsafeIn<Connection, SQLException>() { private String getInsertPlaceholders(int placeholderCount) { final StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder("("); for ( int i = 0; i < placeholderCount; i++ ) { if ( i != 0 ) { builder.append(","); } builder.append("?"); } return builder.append(")").toString(); } @SuppressWarnings("AssignmentToForLoopParameter") @Override public void handle(Connection connection) throws SQLException { final int columnCount = 3; final StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder("INSERT INTO ttt1 (c1, c2, c3) VALUES "); final String placeholders = getInsertPlaceholders(columnCount); for ( int i = 0; i < ITERATION_COUNT; i++ ) { if ( i != 0 ) { builder.append(","); } builder.append(placeholders); } final int maxParameterIndex = ITERATION_COUNT * columnCount; final String query = builder.toString(); final PreparedStatement statement = connection.prepareStatement(query); int valueIndex = 0; for ( int parameterIndex = 1; parameterIndex <= maxParameterIndex; valueIndex++ ) { statement.setObject(parameterIndex++, valueIndex); statement.setObject(parameterIndex++, valueIndex); statement.setObject(parameterIndex++, valueIndex); } statement.execute(); statement.close(); } }); } }); }
}
看一下用@Test注释注释的方法:它们实际上执行INSERT语句。还请看一看CREATE_TABLE_QUERY常量:在源代码中,它使用InnoDB在装有MySQL 5.5(MySQL Connector / J 5.1.12)的计算机上产生以下结果:
CREATE_TABLE_QUERY
InnoDB Single inserts: 74148 ms Batch insert: 84370 ms Dirty bulk insert: 178 ms Safe bulk insert: 118 ms
如果将CREATE_TABLE_QUERYInnoDB 更改为MyISAM,则会看到显着的性能提升:
MyISAM Single inserts: 604 ms Batch insert: 447 ms Dirty bulk insert: 63 ms Safe bulk insert: 26 ms
希望这可以帮助。
UPD:
对于第四种方法,您必须适当地自定义max_allowed_packetin mysql.ini(本[mysqld]节),使其足够大以支持真正的大数据包。
max_allowed_packet
mysql.ini
[mysqld]