我正在执行以下查询
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table WHERE field1='value' AND (field2 >= 1000 OR field3 >= 2000)
在field1上有一个索引,在field2&field3上有另一个索引。
我看到MySQL总是选择field1索引,然后使用其他两个字段进行联接,这很糟糕,因为它需要联接146.000行。
关于如何改善这一点的建议?谢谢
(在尝试解决方案后进行编辑)
基于提出的解决方案,我在使用此工具时已经在Mysql上看到了。
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM (SELECT * FROM table WHERE columnA = value1 UNION SELECT * FROM table WHERE columnB = value2) AS unionTable;
比执行慢很多:
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table WHERE (columnA = value1 AND columnB = value2) OR (columnA = value1 AND columnC = value3)
具有两个复合索引:
index1 (columnA,columnB) index2 (columnA,columnC)
足够有趣的是,要求Mysql“解释”该查询在两种情况下都始终使用index1,而未使用index2。
如果我将索引更改为:
index1 (columnB,columnA) index2 (columnC,columnA)
和查询到:
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table WHERE (columnB = value2 AND columnA = value1) OR (columnC = value3 AND columnA = value1)
然后这是我发现Mysql工作最快的方式。
分解OR谓词的典型方法是使用UNION。
OR
UNION
请注意,您的示例不太适合您的索引。即使您field1从谓词中省略了,您也将拥有field2 >= 1000 OR field3 >= 2000,它不能使用索引。如果您在(field1, field2)和(field1,field3)或(field2或)上field3分别有索引,您将获得一个相当快速的查询。
field1
field2 >= 1000 OR field3 >= 2000
(field1, field2)
(field1,field3)
field2
field3
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM (SELECT * FROM table WHERE field1 = 'value' AND field2 >= 1000 UNION SELECT * FROM table WHERE field1 = 'value' AND field3 >= 2000) T
请注意,您必须为派生表提供别名,这就是为什么子查询被别名为的原因T。
T
一个真实的例子。列名和表名已匿名!
mysql> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table; +----------+ | COUNT(*) | +----------+ | 3059139 | +----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table WHERE columnA = value1; +----------+ | COUNT(*) | +----------+ | 1068 | +----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table WHERE columnB = value2; +----------+ | COUNT(*) | +----------+ | 947 | +----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table WHERE columnA = value1 OR columnB = value2; +----------+ | COUNT(*) | +----------+ | 1616 | +----------+ 1 row in set (9.92 sec) mysql> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM (SELECT * FROM table WHERE columnA = value1 UNION SELECT * FROM table WHERE columnB = value2) T; +----------+ | COUNT(*) | +----------+ | 1616 | +----------+ 1 row in set (0.17 sec) mysql> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM (SELECT * FROM table WHERE columnA = value1 UNION ALL SELECT * FROM table WHERE columnB = value2) T; +----------+ | COUNT(*) | +----------+ | 2015 | +----------+ 1 row in set (0.12 sec)