一尘不染

mysql如何更新自我表工作

sql

我在MYSQL中有一张表:

CREATE TABLE test.tem(a INT,b INT);

具有以下数据:

INSERT INTO test.tem VALUES(1,2),(1,1),(1,NULL),(2,3);

现在数据应该是:

+------+------+
| a    | b    |
+------+------+
|    1 |    2 |
|    1 |    1 |
|    1 | NULL |
|    2 |    3 |
+------+------+

我想按列a将b列更新为min(b)组。

因此,SQL应该是:

UPDATE test.tem o
SET o.b = (SELECT
             MIN(b)
           FROM test.tem i
           WHERE i.a = o.a)

但是MYSQL 无法在FROM子句中指定要更新的目标表

因此,我认为下面的SQL可以很好地解决我的问题:

UPDATE test.tem t1
  JOIN test.tem t2
    ON t1.a = t2.a
SET t1.b = t2.b
WHERE t1.b IS NULL
     OR t1.b > t2.b;

但是结果是:

+------+------+
| a    | b    |
+------+------+
|    1 |    1 |
|    1 |    1 |
|    1 |    2 |
|    2 |    3 |
+------+------+

实际上,我需要的结果是:

+------+------+
| a    | b    |
+------+------+
|    1 |    1 |
|    1 |    1 |
|    1 |    1 |
|    2 |    3 |
+------+------+

问题1:为什么MYSQL用SQL计算出不正确的结果?高效的正确SQL应该是什么?
问题2:如果我只想用NULL值更新b(只更新第三条记录),那么SQL应该是什么?

关于问题2,我尝试使用以下错误的SQL:

UPDATE test.tem t1
  JOIN test.tem t2
    ON t1.a = t2.a
    AND t1.b IS NULL
SET t1.b = t2.b
WHERE t1.b IS NULL
     OR t1.b > t2.b;

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2021-05-23

共1个答案

一尘不染

您没有唯一的列来标识您的行。因此,您JOIN可能会按照自己的想法更新更多行。


您可能想要这样的东西:

UPDATE tem AS t1 JOIN (SELECT a, MIN(b) AS m FROM tem GROUP BY a) AS t2
USING (a)
SET t1.b = t2.m;

参见http://sqlfiddle.com/#!2/c6a04/1


如果您只想更新 bNULL列中的行,那么这只是子句的问题: __WHERE

CREATE TABLE tem(a INT,b INT);    
INSERT INTO tem VALUES(1,2),(1,1),(1,NULL),(2,3);

UPDATE tem AS t1 JOIN (SELECT a, MIN(b) AS m FROM tem GROUP BY a) AS t2
USING (a)
SET t1.b = t2.m
WHERE t1.b IS NULL;

参见http://sqlfiddle.com/#!2/31ffb/1

2021-05-23