小能豆

ERROR: Could not build wheels for pillow, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects

python

尝试在我的 Django 项目中使用 Pillow。尝试安装不同版本的。

pip install pillow
Collecting pillow
  Using cached Pillow-10.0.0.tar.gz (50.5 MB)
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: pillow
  Building wheel for pillow (pyproject.toml) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × Building wheel for pillow (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [198 lines of output]
      running bdist_wheel
      running build
      running build_py
      creating build
      creating build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310
      creating build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\BdfFontFile.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\BlpImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\BmpImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\BufrStubImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ContainerIO.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\CurImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\DcxImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\DdsImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\EpsImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ExifTags.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\features.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\FitsImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\FliImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\FontFile.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\FpxImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\FtexImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\GbrImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\GdImageFile.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\GifImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\GimpGradientFile.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\GimpPaletteFile.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\GribStubImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\Hdf5StubImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\IcnsImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\IcoImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\Image.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImageChops.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImageCms.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImageColor.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImageDraw.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImageDraw2.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImageEnhance.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImageFile.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImageFilter.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImageFont.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImageGrab.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImageMath.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImageMode.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImageMorph.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImageOps.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImagePalette.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImagePath.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImageQt.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImageSequence.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImageShow.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImageStat.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImageTk.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImageTransform.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImageWin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\ImtImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\IptcImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\Jpeg2KImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\JpegImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\JpegPresets.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\McIdasImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\MicImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\MpegImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\MpoImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\MspImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\PaletteFile.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\PalmImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\PcdImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\PcfFontFile.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\PcxImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\PdfImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\PdfParser.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\PixarImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\PngImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\PpmImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\PsdImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\PSDraw.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\PyAccess.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\QoiImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\SgiImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\SpiderImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\SunImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\TarIO.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\TgaImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\TiffImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\TiffTags.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\WalImageFile.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\WebPImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\WmfImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\XbmImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\XpmImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\XVThumbImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\_binary.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\_deprecate.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\_tkinter_finder.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\_util.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\_version.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\__init__.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      copying src\PIL\__main__.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-cpython-310\PIL
      running egg_info
      writing src\Pillow.egg-info\PKG-INFO
      writing dependency_links to src\Pillow.egg-info\dependency_links.txt
      writing requirements to src\Pillow.egg-info\requires.txt
      writing top-level names to src\Pillow.egg-info\top_level.txt
      reading manifest file 'src\Pillow.egg-info\SOURCES.txt'
      reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
      warning: no files found matching '*.c'
      warning: no files found matching '*.h'
      warning: no files found matching '*.sh'
      warning: no files found matching '*.txt'
      warning: no previously-included files found matching '.appveyor.yml'
      warning: no previously-included files found matching '.clang-format'
      warning: no previously-included files found matching '.coveragerc'
      warning: no previously-included files found matching '.editorconfig'
      warning: no previously-included files found matching '.readthedocs.yml'
      warning: no previously-included files found matching 'codecov.yml'
      warning: no previously-included files found matching 'renovate.json'
      warning: no previously-included files matching '.git*' found anywhere in distribution
      warning: no previously-included files matching '*.so' found anywhere in distribution
      no previously-included directories found matching '.ci'
      adding license file 'LICENSE'
      writing manifest file 'src\Pillow.egg-info\SOURCES.txt'
      running build_ext


      The headers or library files could not be found for zlib,
      a required dependency when compiling Pillow from source.

      Please see the install instructions at:
         https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html

      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "<string>", line 988, in <module>
        File "C:\Users\91940\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-smvo9sld\overlay\lib\python3.10\site-packages\setuptools\__init__.py", line 107, in setup
          return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
        File "C:\Users\91940\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-smvo9sld\overlay\lib\python3.10\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\core.py", line 185, in setup      
          return run_commands(dist)
        File "C:\Users\91940\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-smvo9sld\overlay\lib\python3.10\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\core.py", line 201, in run_commands
          dist.run_commands()
        File "C:\Users\91940\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-smvo9sld\overlay\lib\python3.10\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\dist.py", line 969, in run_commands
          self.run_command(cmd)
        File "C:\Users\91940\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-smvo9sld\overlay\lib\python3.10\site-packages\setuptools\dist.py", line 1233, in run_command
          super().run_command(command)
        File "C:\Users\91940\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-smvo9sld\overlay\lib\python3.10\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\dist.py", line 988, in run_command
          cmd_obj.run()
        File "C:\Users\91940\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-smvo9sld\overlay\lib\python3.10\site-packages\wheel\bdist_wheel.py", line 364, in run
          self.run_command("build")
        File "C:\Users\91940\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-smvo9sld\overlay\lib\python3.10\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\cmd.py", line 318, in run_command 
          self.distribution.run_command(command)
        File "C:\Users\91940\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-smvo9sld\overlay\lib\python3.10\site-packages\setuptools\dist.py", line 1233, in run_command
          super().run_command(command)
        File "C:\Users\91940\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-smvo9sld\overlay\lib\python3.10\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\dist.py", line 988, in run_command
          cmd_obj.run()
        File "C:\Users\91940\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-smvo9sld\overlay\lib\python3.10\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\command\build.py", line 131, in run
          self.run_command(cmd_name)
        File "C:\Users\91940\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-smvo9sld\overlay\lib\python3.10\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\cmd.py", line 318, in run_command 
          self.distribution.run_command(command)
        File "C:\Users\91940\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-smvo9sld\overlay\lib\python3.10\site-packages\setuptools\dist.py", line 1233, in run_command
          super().run_command(command)
        File "C:\Users\91940\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-smvo9sld\overlay\lib\python3.10\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\dist.py", line 988, in run_command
          cmd_obj.run()
        File "C:\Users\91940\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-smvo9sld\overlay\lib\python3.10\site-packages\setuptools\command\build_ext.py", line 88, in run       
          _build_ext.run(self)
        File "C:\Users\91940\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-smvo9sld\overlay\lib\python3.10\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\command\build_ext.py", line 345, in run
          self.build_extensions()
        File "<string>", line 811, in build_extensions
      __main__.RequiredDependencyException: zlib

      During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "D:\Ghost\rooms\myvenv\lib\python3.10\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 353, in <module>
          main()
        File "D:\Ghost\rooms\myvenv\lib\python3.10\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 335, in main
          json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
        File "D:\Ghost\rooms\myvenv\lib\python3.10\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 251, in build_wheel
          return _build_backend().build_wheel(wheel_directory, config_settings,
        File "C:\Users\91940\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-1orhfiiv\pillow_bf4cbcc0ea144078bba719eff6d31d24\_custom_build\backend.py", line 53, in build_wheel     
          return super().build_wheel(wheel_directory, config_settings, metadata_directory)
        File "C:\Users\91940\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-smvo9sld\overlay\lib\python3.10\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 434, in build_wheel     
          return self._build_with_temp_dir(
        File "C:\Users\91940\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-smvo9sld\overlay\lib\python3.10\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 419, in _build_with_temp_dir
          self.run_setup()
        File "C:\Users\91940\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-1orhfiiv\pillow_bf4cbcc0ea144078bba719eff6d31d24\_custom_build\backend.py", line 47, in run_setup       
          return super().run_setup(setup_script)
        File "C:\Users\91940\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-smvo9sld\overlay\lib\python3.10\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 341, in run_setup       
          exec(code, locals())
        File "<string>", line 1005, in <module>
      __main__.RequiredDependencyException:

      The headers or library files could not be found for zlib,
      a required dependency when compiling Pillow from source.

      Please see the install instructions at:
         https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html


      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for pillow
Failed to build pillow
ERROR: Could not build wheels for pillow, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects

note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip. 
ERROR: Failed building wheel for pillow 
Failed to build pillow 
ERROR: Could not build wheels for pillow, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects

还尝试了“pip install –no-cache-dir –force-reinstallpillow”和“pip install –no-build-isolationpillow”，得到同样的错误。MySql 客户端不久前也出现过类似的“造轮子”问题。我的系统配置是否有可能出现问题，或者我的电脑（Windows）中缺少某些文件

阅读 129

2023-09-09

共2个答案

小能豆

这个错误是因为 Pillow 在安装过程中需要编译一些依赖库，其中一个依赖库是 zlib，但是安装过程中找不到 zlib 的头文件和库文件，因此导致了安装失败。要解决这个问题，你可以尝试以下几种方法：

安装 Pillow 的二进制版本： 首选，你可以尝试安装 Pillow 的二进制版本而不是从源代码构建。这将跳过编译依赖库的步骤，通常可以更容易地安装 Pillow。你可以运行以下命令来安装 Pillow 的二进制版本：

python pip install Pillow

如果你的系统配置没有问题，这应该可以正常工作。

手动安装依赖库： 如果你仍然想尝试从源代码构建 Pillow，你可以手动安装 zlib 库。在 Windows 上，你可以从 GnuWin32 或 zlib 网站下载 zlib 的预编译库并安装。然后，你需要确保 zlib 的头文件和库文件可以被找到。你可以将 zlib 的头文件和库文件的路径添加到环境变量中，或者在 Pillow 安装过程中手动指定这些路径。以下是一个示例：

python pip install pillow --global-option="build_ext" --global-option="-I/path/to/zlib/include" --global-option="-L/path/to/zlib/lib"

请根据你的系统配置和文件路径进行相应的更改。

使用虚拟环境： 如果你的系统配置中存在一些混乱或冲突，可以考虑创建一个虚拟环境，然后在虚拟环境中安装 Pillow。虚拟环境可以隔离项目的依赖，以避免与系统级依赖产生冲突。
检查系统环境变量： 确保系统环境变量中没有设置任何不正确的路径，这可能会导致 Pillow 在构建时找不到所需的依赖。

如果你尝试了上述方法仍然无法解决问题，建议考虑更新或修复你的系统配置，以确保所需的库和依赖项可用。如果你使用的是虚拟环境，也可以考虑创建一个全新的虚拟环境来确保干净的环境。

2023-09-09

小能豆

安装 Pillow 的二进制版本： 首选，你可以尝试安装 Pillow 的二进制版本而不是从源代码构建。这将跳过编译依赖库的步骤，通常可以更容易地安装 Pillow。你可以运行以下命令来安装 Pillow 的二进制版本：

python pip install Pillow

如果你的系统配置没有问题，这应该可以正常工作。

手动安装依赖库： 如果你仍然想尝试从源代码构建 Pillow，你可以手动安装 zlib 库。在 Windows 上，你可以从 GnuWin32 或 zlib 网站下载 zlib 的预编译库并安装。然后，你需要确保 zlib 的头文件和库文件可以被找到。你可以将 zlib 的头文件和库文件的路径添加到环境变量中，或者在 Pillow 安装过程中手动指定这些路径。以下是一个示例：

python pip install pillow --global-option="build_ext" --global-option="-I/path/to/zlib/include" --global-option="-L/path/to/zlib/lib"

请根据你的系统配置和文件路径进行相应的更改。

使用虚拟环境： 如果你的系统配置中存在一些混乱或冲突，可以考虑创建一个虚拟环境，然后在虚拟环境中安装 Pillow。虚拟环境可以隔离项目的依赖，以避免与系统级依赖产生冲突。
检查系统环境变量： 确保系统环境变量中没有设置任何不正确的路径，这可能会导致 Pillow 在构建时找不到所需的依赖。

2023-09-09