像Oliver Drotbohm自己在DATAMONGO-2106中所说的那样，Spring Data MongoDB从未支持使用时区保留日期时间类型。

这些是已知的解决方法：

1. 使用不带时区的日期时间类型，例如java.time.Instant。（通常建议仅在后端使用UTC，但是我不得不扩展采用不同方法的现有代码库。）
2. 编写一个自定义转换器，并通过扩展AbstractMongoConfiguration对其进行注册。有关运行示例，请参见我的测试库中的分支转换器。

@Component
@WritingConverter
public class ZonedDateTimeToDocumentConverter implements Converter<ZonedDateTime, Document> {
    static final String DATE_TIME = "dateTime";
    static final String ZONE = "zone";

    @Override
    public Document convert(@Nullable ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime) {
        if (zonedDateTime == null) return null;

        Document document = new Document();
        document.put(DATE_TIME, Date.from(zonedDateTime.toInstant()));
        document.put(ZONE, zonedDateTime.getZone().getId());
        document.put("offset", zonedDateTime.getOffset().toString());
        return document;
    }
}

@Component
@ReadingConverter
public class DocumentToZonedDateTimeConverter implements Converter<Document, ZonedDateTime> {

    @Override
    public ZonedDateTime convert(@Nullable Document document) {
        if (document == null) return null;

        Date dateTime = document.getDate(DATE_TIME);
        String zoneId = document.getString(ZONE);
        ZoneId zone = ZoneId.of(zoneId);

        return ZonedDateTime.ofInstant(dateTime.toInstant(), zone);
    }
}

@Configuration
public class MongoConfiguration extends AbstractMongoConfiguration {

    @Value("${spring.data.mongodb.database}")
    private String database;

    @Value("${spring.data.mongodb.host}")
    private String host;

    @Value("${spring.data.mongodb.port}")
    private int port;

    @Override
    public MongoClient mongoClient() {
        return new MongoClient(host, port);
    }

    @Override
    protected String getDatabaseName() {
        return database;
    }

    @Bean
    public CustomConversions customConversions() {
        return new MongoCustomConversions(asList(
                new ZonedDateTimeToDocumentConverter(),
                new DocumentToZonedDateTimeConverter()
        ));
    }
}

1. 编写自定义编解码器。至少在理论上。使用Spring Boot 2.0.5时，我的编解码器测试分支无法解组数据，同时与Spring Boot 2.0.1正常工作。

public class ZonedDateTimeCodec implements Codec<ZonedDateTime> {

    public static final String DATE_TIME = "dateTime";
    public static final String ZONE = "zone";

    @Override
    public void encode(final BsonWriter writer, final ZonedDateTime value, final EncoderContext encoderContext) {
        writer.writeStartDocument();
        writer.writeDateTime(DATE_TIME, value.toInstant().getEpochSecond() * 1_000);
        writer.writeString(ZONE, value.getZone().getId());
        writer.writeEndDocument();
    }

    @Override
    public ZonedDateTime decode(final BsonReader reader, final DecoderContext decoderContext) {
        reader.readStartDocument();
        long epochSecond = reader.readDateTime(DATE_TIME);
        String zoneId = reader.readString(ZONE);
        reader.readEndDocument();

        return ZonedDateTime.ofInstant(Instant.ofEpochSecond(epochSecond / 1_000), ZoneId.of(zoneId));
    }

    @Override
    public Class<ZonedDateTime> getEncoderClass() {
        return ZonedDateTime.class;
    }
}

@Configuration
public class MongoConfiguration extends AbstractMongoConfiguration {

    @Value("${spring.data.mongodb.database}")
    private String database;

    @Value("${spring.data.mongodb.host}")
    private String host;

    @Value("${spring.data.mongodb.port}")
    private int port;

    @Override
    public MongoClient mongoClient() {
        return new MongoClient(host + ":" + port, createOptions());
    }

    private MongoClientOptions createOptions() {
        CodecProvider pojoCodecProvider = PojoCodecProvider.builder()
                .automatic(true)
                .build();

        CodecRegistry registry = CodecRegistries.fromRegistries(
                createCustomCodecRegistry(),
                MongoClient.getDefaultCodecRegistry(),
                CodecRegistries.fromProviders(pojoCodecProvider)
        );

        return MongoClientOptions.builder()
                .codecRegistry(registry)
                .build();
    }

    private CodecRegistry createCustomCodecRegistry() {
        return CodecRegistries.fromCodecs(
                new ZonedDateTimeCodec()
        );
    }

    @Override
    protected String getDatabaseName() {
        return database;
    }
}