一尘不染

Spring Boot和Thymeleaf:找不到HTML模板

spring-boot

我试图用Thymeleaf创建一个基于Spring Boot的应用程序。我以PetClinic示例为起点。我的应用程序找不到某些模板。

我的项目以标准方式设置:

/src
 /main
  /java
   /com.example
    MyWebApplication.java
    HomeController.java
  /resources
   /static
    /css
   /templates
    /fragments
     layout.html
    home.html
  application.properties

pom.xml

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.5.1.RELEASE</version>
    <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>

<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>                   
</dependencies>

MyWebApplication.java

@SpringBootApplication
public class MyWebApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(MyWebApplication.class, args);
    }
}

HomeController.java

@Controller
public class HomeController {

    @RequestMapping("/")
    public String home() {
        return "home";
    }
}

home.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org" 
      xmlns:layout="http://www.ultraq.net.nz/web/thymeleaf/layout"
     th:replace="~{fragments/layout :: layout (~{::body},'home')}">
<body>
    <h2 th:text="#{welcome}">Welcome</h2>
        <div class="row">
        </div>
</body>

</html>

layout.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<!-- 
    The main layout fragment that defines the overall layout
    Sets up the navigation bar
    The page contents are replaced in the main div
 -->
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org" xmlns:layout="http://www.ultraq.net.nz/web/thymeleaf/layout"
        th:fragment="layout (template, menu)">

<head>

  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">

  <!-- <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" th:href="@{/images/favicon.png}"> -->

  <title>Web Interface</title>

  <link rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{/css/bootstrap.min.css}" />

</head>

<body>

  <!-- Navigation Bar -->
  <nav class="navbar navbar-default" role="navigation">
    <div class="container">
      <div class="navbar-header">
        <a class="navbar-brand glyphicon glyphicon-home" th:href="@{/}"></a>

      <!-- Collapse the menu bar on small windows -->
        <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#main-navbar">
                  <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
                  <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                  <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                  <span class="icon-bar"></span>         
        </button>      
      </div>

      <!-- The Navbar items -->
      <div class="navbar-collapse collapse" id="main-navbar">
        <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">

          <!-- Define a fragment for each menu item -->
          <li th:fragment="menuItem (path, active, title, glyph, text)" th:class="${active==menu ? 'active' : ''}">
            <a th:href="@{__${path}__}" th:title=${title}>
              <span th:class="'glyphicon glyphicon-'+${glyph}" class="glyphicon glyphicon-home" aria-hidden="true"></span>
              <span th:text="${text}">Template</span>
            </a>
          </li>

          <!-- Replace with the fragment -->
          <li th:replace="::menuItem ('/', 'home', 'home page', 'home', 'Home')">
            <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-home" aria-hidden="true"></span>
            <span> Home</span>
          </li>                   
        </ul>
      </div>
    </div>
  </nav>

  <!-- Main body -->
  <div class="container-fluid">
    <div class="container xd-container">
      <div th:replace="${template}"></div>
    </div>

  </div>

  <script th:src="@{/js/bootstrap.min.js}" type="text/javascript"></script>

</body>

</html>

application.properties 为空。

当我导航到http://localhost:8080我得到错误:

解决模板“〜{fragments / layout”时出错,该模板可能不存在,或者任何已配置的模板解析器都无法访问(home:5)

如果我从home.html删除’th:replace’属性,它将显示欢迎消息。

浏览类似的问题(例如,这个问题),我看到其他人创建了ThymeleafViewResolverbean。

问题:

  1. 为什么找不到我的模板?
  2. 我需要创建模板解析器吗?如果是这样,宠物诊所样本为什么不呢?它的模板解析器来自哪里?

据我所知,它的设置方式与宠物诊所的样本相同,所以有什么区别?


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2020-05-30

共1个答案

一尘不染

Spring
Boot会自动为您完成一些内部工作,但是要进行自动工作,您需要对其进行适当的配置。这是您问题2的答案,如果配置正确,spring会自动提供视图解析器。好的,现在转到问题1。

如果将pom.xml与petclinic的pom.xml进行比较,您将看到一些关键差异。

首先,根据spring官方文档http://docs.spring.io/spring-
boot/docs/current/reference/html/using-boot-build-systems.html#using-boot-
maven,Maven用户可以继承从spring-boot-starter-parent项目中获取合理的默认值。父项目提供了一些功能。要将项目配置为从spring-
boot-starter-parent继承,只需在pom.xml中设置父项即可。

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.5.1.RELEASE</version>
</parent>

使用该设置,您还可以通过覆盖自己项目中的属性来覆盖各个依赖项。例如,在petclinic pom.xml中,他们指定了您的百里香叶版本。

<thymeleaf.version>3.0.2.RELEASE</thymeleaf.version>

现在,要正确设置Thymeleaf和Thymeleaf布局方言版本并使其兼容,您需要从spring-boot-starter-
thymeleaf中排除thymeleaf-layout-dialect,即将thymeleaf版本设置为3.0.2.RELEASE版本。

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
      <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>nz.net.ultraq.thymeleaf</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf-layout-dialect</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
      </exclusions>
    </dependency>
2020-05-30