我无法使用jhipster对网页层进行单元测试（根据spring gs指南）：
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @WebMvcTest public class FlightControllerTest { @Autowired private MockMvc mockMvc; @MockBean private FlightService flightService; @Test public void testCreate() throws Exception { FlightDto expected = new FlightDto(); ReflectionTestUtils.setField(expected, "id", 1L); when(flightService.createFlight(any(FlightDto.class))).thenReturn(expected); FlightDto flightDto = new FlightDto(); flightDto.setNumber("CAI-123400"); this.mockMvc.perform(post("/api/flight") .contentType(TestUtil.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8) .content(TestUtil.convertObjectToJsonBytes(flightDto))) .andDo(print()) .andExpect(status().isCreated()) .andExpect(header().string("Location", endsWith("/api/flight/1"))); } }
上面的单元测试在未开发的Spring Boot项目中成功，但是在基于未启动的Spring Jhipster项目中失败：
当从FlightResource在jhispter项目（springboot-with-jhipster）中运行单元测试时，我得到了：
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Unable to find a @SpringBootConfiguration, you need to use @ContextConfiguration or @SpringBootTest(classes=...) with your test at org.springframework.util.Assert.state(Assert.java:70) at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.getOrFindConfigurationClasses(SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.java:202) at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.processMergedContextConfiguration(SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.java:137) at org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcTestContextBootstrapper.processMergedContextConfiguration(WebMvcTestContextBootstrapper.java:35) at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildMergedContextConfiguration(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:409) at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildDefaultMergedContextConfiguration(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:323) at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildMergedContextConfiguration(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:277) at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildTestContext(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:112) at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.buildTestContext(SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.java:82) at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.<init>(TestContextManager.java:120) at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.<init>(TestContextManager.java:105) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTestContextManager(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:152) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.<init>(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:143) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner.<init>(SpringRunner.java:49) at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45) at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423) at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.buildRunner(AnnotatedBuilder.java:104) at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AnnotatedBuilder.java:86) at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59) at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:26) at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59) at org.junit.internal.requests.ClassRequest.getRunner(ClassRequest.java:33) at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:49) at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47) at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242) at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
我可以使用以下代码运行测试：
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) //@WebMvcTest remove @WebMvcTest //add SpringBootTest @SpringBootTest(classes = JhUnittestRestApp.class) public class FlightResourceTest { //@Autowired remove anotation private MockMvc mockMvc; @MockBean private FlightService flightService; @Autowired private MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter jacksonMessageConverter; @Autowired private PageableHandlerMethodArgumentResolver pageableArgumentResolver; @Autowired private ExceptionTranslator exceptionTranslator; @Before public void setup() { //initialize the bean MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this); final FlightResource flightResource = new FlightResource(flightService); this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(flightResource) .setCustomArgumentResolvers(pageableArgumentResolver) .setControllerAdvice(exceptionTranslator) .setConversionService(createFormattingConversionService()) .setMessageConverters(jacksonMessageConverter).build(); } @Test public void testCreate() throws Exception { FlightDTO expected = new FlightDTO(); ReflectionTestUtils.setField(expected, "id", 1L); when(flightService.save(any(FlightDTO.class))).thenReturn(expected); FlightDTO flightDto = new FlightDTO(); flightDto.setNumber("CAI-123400"); //update the url to /api/flights so that the test can pass this.mockMvc.perform(post("/api/flights") .contentType(TestUtil.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8) .content(TestUtil.convertObjectToJsonBytes(flightDto))) .andDo(print()) .andExpect(status().isCreated()) .andExpect(header().string("Location", endsWith("/api/flights/1"))); } }
您的FlightControllerTest在您的springboot-no-jhipster项目中运行，因为根据@SpringBoot的文档，该项目的主类使用@SpringBoot进行了注释。
The @SpringBootApplication annotation is equivalent to using: @Configuration, @EnableAutoConfiguration and @ComponentScan with their default attributes
由于JHipster需要的配置不仅仅是默认配置，因此JHipster并未使用@SpringBootApplication，正如您在项目中看到的那样。完全可以，并且没有问题。
另一方面，测试的错误消息是说它无法检测到@SpringBootConfiguration。还有其他注释，例如@ContextConfiguration或@SpringBootTest，它们是rocomandet可以用于测试的。实际上，主配置类中的注释与测试注释之间存在一些不一致之处，请参见此处或此处。
