我一直在开发这个简单的客户端- 使用C的服务器应用程序,其中客户端只是向服务器发送随机数据,而服务器只是侦听客户端发送的内容。我使用的协议是SCTP,我对如何对其实现多宿主功能感兴趣。
我一直在互联网上搜索有关SCTP和多宿主的信息,但找不到任何有关如何指示SCTP使用多个地址进行通信的示例。我仅设法找到了在尝试使用多宿主设置SCTP时应使用的命令,它应该非常简单。
我创建了一个客户端和一个服务器,它们都使用我的计算机的两个WLAN接口作为它们的连接点。两个适配器都连接到同一AP。服务器正在从这些接口监听来自客户端的数据,并且客户端通过它们发送数据。问题是,当我断开客户端向其发送数据的主WLAN适配器的连接时,传输应在回退到辅助连接时暂停。我用Wireshark跟踪了数据包,第一个INIT和INIT_ACK数据包报告客户端和服务器都使用WLAN适配器作为它们的通信链接。
当我重新连接主要的WLAN连接后,传输会在一段时间后继续进行,并导致向服务器发送大量数据包,这是不对的。数据包应该已经通过辅助连接传输了。在许多站点上,据说SCTP会自动在连接之间切换,但是在我看来,这没有发生。那么,你们有什么线索,即使在客户端和服务器知道彼此的地址(包括辅助地址)时,当主链路断开时,为什么传输也不回退到辅助连接?
关于服务器:
服务器创建一个SOCK_SEQPACKET类型的套接字,并绑定与INADDR_ANY找到的所有接口。getladdrs报告服务器已绑定到3个地址(包括127.0.0.1)。之后,服务器侦听套接字,并等待客户端发送数据。服务器通过sctp_recvmsg调用读取数据。
关于客户:
客户端还会创建一个SEQPACKET套接字,并连接到命令行参数指定的IP地址。在这种情况下,getladdrs还返回3个地址,例如在服务器情况下。之后,客户端将开始向服务器发送数据,并且延迟一秒钟,直到用户使用Ctrl- C中断发送。
这是一些源代码:
服务器:
#define BUFFER_SIZE (1 << 16) #define PORT 10000 int sock, ret, flags; int i; int addr_count = 0; char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE]; socklen_t from_len; struct sockaddr_in addr; struct sockaddr_in *laddr[10]; struct sockaddr_in *paddrs[10]; struct sctp_sndrcvinfo sinfo; struct sctp_event_subscribe event; struct sctp_prim prim_addr; struct sctp_paddrparams heartbeat; struct sigaction sig_handler; void handle_signal(int signum); int main(void) { if((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_SEQPACKET, IPPROTO_SCTP)) < 0) perror("socket"); memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); memset((void*)&event, 1, sizeof(struct sctp_event_subscribe)); addr.sin_family = AF_INET; addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); addr.sin_port = htons(PORT); from_len = (socklen_t)sizeof(struct sockaddr_in); sig_handler.sa_handler = handle_signal; sig_handler.sa_flags = 0; if(sigaction(SIGINT, &sig_handler, NULL) == -1) perror("sigaction"); if(setsockopt(sock, IPPROTO_SCTP, SCTP_EVENTS, &event, sizeof(struct sctp_event_subscribe)) < 0) perror("setsockopt"); if(setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &reuse, sizeof(int))< 0) perror("setsockopt"); if(bind(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr)) < 0) perror("bind"); if(listen(sock, 2) < 0) perror("listen"); addr_count = sctp_getladdrs(sock, 0, (struct sockaddr**)laddr); printf("Addresses binded: %d\n", addr_count); for(i = 0; i < addr_count; i++) printf("Address %d: %s:%d\n", i +1, inet_ntoa((*laddr)[i].sin_addr), (*laddr)[i].sin_port); sctp_freeladdrs((struct sockaddr*)*laddr); while(1) { flags = 0; ret = sctp_recvmsg(sock, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, &from_len, NULL, &flags); if(flags & MSG_NOTIFICATION) printf("Notification received from %s:%u\n", inet_ntoa(addr.sin_addr), ntohs(addr.sin_port)); printf("%d bytes received from %s:%u\n", ret, inet_ntoa(addr.sin_addr), ntohs(addr.sin_port)); } if(close(sock) < 0) perror("close"); } void handle_signal(int signum) { switch(signum) { case SIGINT: if(close(sock) != 0) perror("close"); exit(0); break; default: exit(0); break; } }
和客户:
#define PORT 10000 #define MSG_SIZE 1000 #define NUMBER_OF_MESSAGES 1000 #define PPID 1234 int sock; struct sockaddr_in *paddrs[10]; struct sockaddr_in *laddrs[10]; void handle_signal(int signum); int main(int argc, char **argv) { int i; int counter = 1; int ret; int addr_count; char address[16]; char buffer[MSG_SIZE]; sctp_assoc_t id; struct sockaddr_in addr; struct sctp_status status; struct sctp_initmsg initmsg; struct sctp_event_subscribe events; struct sigaction sig_handler; memset((void*)&buffer, 'j', MSG_SIZE); memset((void*)&initmsg, 0, sizeof(initmsg)); memset((void*)&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); memset((void*)&events, 1, sizeof(struct sctp_event_subscribe)); if(argc != 2 || (inet_addr(argv[1]) == -1)) { puts("Usage: client [IP ADDRESS in form xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx] "); return 0; } strncpy(address, argv[1], 15); address[15] = 0; addr.sin_family = AF_INET; inet_aton(address, &(addr.sin_addr)); addr.sin_port = htons(PORT); initmsg.sinit_num_ostreams = 2; initmsg.sinit_max_instreams = 2; initmsg.sinit_max_attempts = 5; sig_handler.sa_handler = handle_signal; sig_handler.sa_flags = 0; if(sigaction(SIGINT, &sig_handler, NULL) == -1) perror("sigaction"); if((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_SEQPACKET, IPPROTO_SCTP)) < 0) perror("socket"); if((setsockopt(sock, SOL_SCTP, SCTP_INITMSG, &initmsg, sizeof(initmsg))) != 0) perror("setsockopt"); if((setsockopt(sock, SOL_SCTP, SCTP_EVENTS, (const void *)&events, sizeof(events))) != 0) perror("setsockopt"); if(sendto(sock, buffer, MSG_SIZE, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1) perror("sendto"); addr_count = sctp_getpaddrs(sock, 0, (struct sockaddr**)paddrs); printf("\nPeer addresses: %d\n", addr_count); for(i = 0; i < addr_count; i++) printf("Address %d: %s:%d\n", i +1, inet_ntoa((*paddrs)[i].sin_addr), (*paddrs)[i].sin_port); sctp_freepaddrs((struct sockaddr*)*paddrs); addr_count = sctp_getladdrs(sock, 0, (struct sockaddr**)laddrs); printf("\nLocal addresses: %d\n", addr_count); for(i = 0; i < addr_count; i++) printf("Address %d: %s:%d\n", i +1, inet_ntoa((*laddrs)[i].sin_addr), (*laddrs)[i].sin_port); sctp_freeladdrs((struct sockaddr*)*laddrs); i = sizeof(status); if((ret = getsockopt(sock, SOL_SCTP, SCTP_STATUS, &status, (socklen_t *)&i)) != 0) perror("getsockopt"); printf("\nSCTP Status:\n--------\n"); printf("assoc id = %d\n", status.sstat_assoc_id); printf("state = %d\n", status.sstat_state); printf("instrms = %d\n", status.sstat_instrms); printf("outstrms = %d\n--------\n\n", status.sstat_outstrms); for(i = 0; i < NUMBER_OF_MESSAGES; i++) { counter++; printf("Sending data chunk #%d...", counter); if((ret = sendto(sock, buffer, MSG_SIZE, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr))) == -1) perror("sendto"); printf("Sent %d bytes to peer\n",ret); sleep(1); } if(close(sock) != 0) perror("close"); } void handle_signal(int signum) { switch(signum) { case SIGINT: if(close(sock) != 0) perror("close"); exit(0); break; default: exit(0); break; } }
你们有什么线索我在做什么错吗?
好的,我终于解决了多宿主问题。这就是我所做的。
我使用sctp_paddrparams结构将心跳值调整为5000 ms。位于该结构中的flags变量必须处于SPP_HB_ENABLE模式下,因为否则,当尝试使用setsockopt()设置值时,SCTP会忽略心跳值。
这就是SCTP不能像我所希望的那样频繁发送心跳的原因。我没注意到flag变量的原因是我正在阅读的SCTP的过时参考指南,该指南指出该结构内不存在flags变量!较新的参考资料显示存在。这样心跳问题就解决了!
另一件事是将rto_max值修改为例如2000毫秒左右。降低该值将指示SCTP更快地更改路径。默认值为60 000 ms,该值过高(开始更改路径前1分钟)。可以使用sctp_rtoinfo结构调整rto_max值。
通过这两个修改,多宿主开始工作。哦,另一件事。当服务器处于SEQPACKET模式时,客户端必须处于STREAM模式。客户端使用普通的send()命令将数据发送到服务器,而服务器使用sctp_recvmsg()读取数据,其中addr struct设置为NULL。
我希望这些信息可以帮助其他在SCTP多宿主方面苦苦挣扎的人。欢呼大家的意见,对我来说是很大的帮助!这是一些代码示例,因此如果您问我,这可能是网络中的第一个多宿主简单示例(除了多流示例外,没有找到其他示例)
#include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <signal.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <netinet/sctp.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h> #include <net/if.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <pthread.h> #define BUFFER_SIZE (1 << 16) #define PORT 10000 int sock, ret, flags; int i, reuse = 1; int addr_count = 0; char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE]; socklen_t from_len; struct sockaddr_in addr; struct sockaddr_in *laddr[10]; struct sockaddr_in *paddrs[10]; struct sctp_sndrcvinfo sinfo; struct sctp_event_subscribe event; struct sctp_prim prim_addr; struct sctp_paddrparams heartbeat; struct sigaction sig_handler; struct sctp_rtoinfo rtoinfo; void handle_signal(int signum); int main(void) { if((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_SEQPACKET, IPPROTO_SCTP)) < 0) perror("socket"); memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); memset(&event, 1, sizeof(struct sctp_event_subscribe)); memset(&heartbeat, 0, sizeof(struct sctp_paddrparams)); memset(&rtoinfo, 0, sizeof(struct sctp_rtoinfo)); addr.sin_family = AF_INET; addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); addr.sin_port = htons(PORT); from_len = (socklen_t)sizeof(struct sockaddr_in); sig_handler.sa_handler = handle_signal; sig_handler.sa_flags = 0; heartbeat.spp_flags = SPP_HB_ENABLE; heartbeat.spp_hbinterval = 5000; heartbeat.spp_pathmaxrxt = 1; rtoinfo.srto_max = 2000; /*Set Heartbeats*/ if(setsockopt(sock, SOL_SCTP, SCTP_PEER_ADDR_PARAMS , &heartbeat, sizeof(heartbeat)) != 0) perror("setsockopt"); /*Set rto_max*/ if(setsockopt(sock, SOL_SCTP, SCTP_RTOINFO , &rtoinfo, sizeof(rtoinfo)) != 0) perror("setsockopt"); /*Set Signal Handler*/ if(sigaction(SIGINT, &sig_handler, NULL) == -1) perror("sigaction"); /*Set Events */ if(setsockopt(sock, IPPROTO_SCTP, SCTP_EVENTS, &event, sizeof(struct sctp_event_subscribe)) < 0) perror("setsockopt"); /*Set the Reuse of Address*/ if(setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &reuse, sizeof(int))< 0) perror("setsockopt"); /*Bind the Addresses*/ if(bind(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr)) < 0) perror("bind"); if(listen(sock, 2) < 0) perror("listen"); /*Get Heartbeat Value*/ i = (sizeof heartbeat); getsockopt(sock, SOL_SCTP, SCTP_PEER_ADDR_PARAMS, &heartbeat, (socklen_t*)&i); printf("Heartbeat interval %d\n", heartbeat.spp_hbinterval); /*Print Locally Binded Addresses*/ addr_count = sctp_getladdrs(sock, 0, (struct sockaddr**)laddr); printf("Addresses binded: %d\n", addr_count); for(i = 0; i < addr_count; i++) printf("Address %d: %s:%d\n", i +1, inet_ntoa((*laddr)[i].sin_addr), (*laddr)[i].sin_port); sctp_freeladdrs((struct sockaddr*)*laddr); while(1) { flags = 0; ret = sctp_recvmsg(sock, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, NULL, 0, NULL, &flags); if(flags & MSG_NOTIFICATION) printf("Notification received from %s:%u\n", inet_ntoa(addr.sin_addr), ntohs(addr.sin_port)); printf("%d bytes received from %s:%u\n", ret, inet_ntoa(addr.sin_addr), ntohs(addr.sin_port)); } if(close(sock) < 0) perror("close"); } void handle_signal(int signum) { switch(signum) { case SIGINT: if(close(sock) != 0) perror("close"); exit(0); break; default: exit(0); break; } }
客户:
#include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <signal.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <netinet/sctp.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h> #define PORT 11000 #define MSG_SIZE 1000 #define NUMBER_OF_MESSAGES 1000 int sock; struct sockaddr_in *paddrs[5]; struct sockaddr_in *laddrs[5]; void handle_signal(int signum); int main(int argc, char **argv) { int i; int counter = 0; int asconf = 1; int ret; int addr_count; char address[16]; char buffer[MSG_SIZE]; sctp_assoc_t id; struct sockaddr_in addr; struct sctp_status status; struct sctp_initmsg initmsg; struct sctp_event_subscribe events; struct sigaction sig_handler; struct sctp_paddrparams heartbeat; struct sctp_rtoinfo rtoinfo; memset(&buffer, 'j', MSG_SIZE); memset(&initmsg, 0, sizeof(struct sctp_initmsg)); memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); memset(&events, 1, sizeof(struct sctp_event_subscribe)); memset(&status, 0, sizeof(struct sctp_status)); memset(&heartbeat, 0, sizeof(struct sctp_paddrparams)); memset(&rtoinfo, 0, sizeof(struct sctp_rtoinfo)) if(argc != 2 || (inet_addr(argv[1]) == -1)) { puts("Usage: client [IP ADDRESS in form xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx] "); return 0; } strncpy(address, argv[1], 15); address[15] = 0; addr.sin_family = AF_INET; inet_aton(address, &(addr.sin_addr)); addr.sin_port = htons(PORT); initmsg.sinit_num_ostreams = 2; initmsg.sinit_max_instreams = 2; initmsg.sinit_max_attempts = 1; heartbeat.spp_flags = SPP_HB_ENABLE; heartbeat.spp_hbinterval = 5000; heartbeat.spp_pathmaxrxt = 1; rtoinfo.srto_max = 2000; sig_handler.sa_handler = handle_signal; sig_handler.sa_flags = 0; /*Handle SIGINT in handle_signal Function*/ if(sigaction(SIGINT, &sig_handler, NULL) == -1) perror("sigaction"); /*Create the Socket*/ if((ret = (sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_SCTP))) < 0) perror("socket"); /*Configure Heartbeats*/ if((ret = setsockopt(sock, SOL_SCTP, SCTP_PEER_ADDR_PARAMS , &heartbeat, sizeof(heartbeat))) != 0) perror("setsockopt"); /*Set rto_max*/ if((ret = setsockopt(sock, SOL_SCTP, SCTP_RTOINFO , &rtoinfo, sizeof(rtoinfo))) != 0) perror("setsockopt"); /*Set SCTP Init Message*/ if((ret = setsockopt(sock, SOL_SCTP, SCTP_INITMSG, &initmsg, sizeof(initmsg))) != 0) perror("setsockopt"); /*Enable SCTP Events*/ if((ret = setsockopt(sock, SOL_SCTP, SCTP_EVENTS, (void *)&events, sizeof(events))) != 0) perror("setsockopt"); /*Get And Print Heartbeat Interval*/ i = (sizeof heartbeat); getsockopt(sock, SOL_SCTP, SCTP_PEER_ADDR_PARAMS, &heartbeat, (socklen_t*)&i); printf("Heartbeat interval %d\n", heartbeat.spp_hbinterval); /*Connect to Host*/ if(((ret = connect(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr)))) < 0) { perror("connect"); close(sock); exit(0); } /*Get Peer Addresses*/ addr_count = sctp_getpaddrs(sock, 0, (struct sockaddr**)paddrs); printf("\nPeer addresses: %d\n", addr_count); /*Print Out Addresses*/ for(i = 0; i < addr_count; i++) printf("Address %d: %s:%d\n", i +1, inet_ntoa((*paddrs)[i].sin_addr), (*paddrs)[i].sin_port); sctp_freepaddrs((struct sockaddr*)*paddrs); /*Start to Send Data*/ for(i = 0; i < NUMBER_OF_MESSAGES; i++) { counter++; printf("Sending data chunk #%d...", counter); if((ret = send(sock, buffer, MSG_SIZE, 0)) == -1) perror("write"); printf("Sent %d bytes to peer\n",ret); sleep(1); } if(close(sock) != 0) perror("close"); } void handle_signal(int signum) { switch(signum) { case SIGINT: if(close(sock) != 0) perror("close"); exit(0); break; default: exit(0); break; } }