我创建了一个Grails应用程序，没有使用通过Tomcat使用Tomcat部署的自定义控制器。该应用程序可以在本地计算机上正常运行（运行应用程序和运行时），但是当我使用Tomcat进行部署时却无法运行。
我得到以下堆栈跟踪，请问原因的原因？
2014-10-17 08:08:04,158 [http-bio-8080-exec-10] ERROR StackTrace - Full Stack Trace: org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.pages.exceptions.GroovyPagesException: Error applying layout : main at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.servlet.view.GroovyPageView.rethrowRenderException(GroovyPageView.java:179) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.sitemesh.SpringMVCViewDecorator.render(SpringMVCViewDecorator.java:78) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.sitemesh.GrailsLayoutView.renderTemplate(GrailsLayoutView.java:60) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.servlet.view.AbstractGrailsView.renderWithinGrailsWebRequest(AbstractGrailsView.java:49) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.servlet.view.AbstractGrailsView.renderMergedOutputModel(AbstractGrailsView.java:33) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:267) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.servlet.ErrorHandlingServlet.doDispatch(ErrorHandlingServlet.java:163) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:870) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:961) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:852) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.doHead(HttpServlet.java:243) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:643) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:837) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:727) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:303) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.servlet.mvc.GrailsWebRequestFilter.doFilterInternal(GrailsWebRequestFilter.java:69) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.invoke(ApplicationDispatcher.java:748) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.processRequest(ApplicationDispatcher.java:488) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.doForward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:411) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.forward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:338) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.custom(StandardHostValve.java:466) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.status(StandardHostValve.java:337) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.throwable(StandardHostValve.java:427) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:200) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:98) at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:950) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:116) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:408) at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1040) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:607) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:313) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) Caused by: org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.pages.exceptions.GroovyPagesException: Error processing GroovyPageView: No signature of method: gsp_gradleGrailsApp_layoutsmain_gsp.assetPath() is applicable for argument types: (java.util.LinkedHashMap) values: [[src:favicon.ico]] at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.servlet.view.GroovyPageView.createGroovyPageException(GroovyPageView.java:127) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.servlet.view.GroovyPageView.handleException(GroovyPageView.java:104) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.servlet.view.GroovyPageView.renderTemplate(GroovyPageView.java:75) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.servlet.view.AbstractGrailsView.renderWithinGrailsWebRequest(AbstractGrailsView.java:49) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.servlet.view.AbstractGrailsView.renderMergedOutputModel(AbstractGrailsView.java:33) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:267) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.sitemesh.SpringMVCViewDecorator.render(SpringMVCViewDecorator.java:69) ... 36 more Caused by: groovy.lang.MissingMethodException: No signature of method: gsp_gradleGrailsApp_layoutsmain_gsp.assetPath() is applicable for argument types: (java.util.LinkedHashMap) values: [[src:favicon.ico]] at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45) at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526) at org.codehaus.groovy.reflection.CachedConstructor.invoke(CachedConstructor.java:77) at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.ConstructorSite$ConstructorSiteNoUnwrapNoCoerce.callConstructor(ConstructorSite.java:102) at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.AbstractCallSite.callConstructor(AbstractCallSite.java:198) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.pages.GroovyPagesMetaUtils.methodMissingForTagLib(GroovyPagesMetaUtils.groovy:68) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.pages.GroovyPagesMetaUtils$_registerMethodMissingForGSP_closure1.doCall(GroovyPagesMetaUtils.groovy:40) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) at org.codehaus.groovy.reflection.CachedMethod.invoke(CachedMethod.java:90) at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.metaclass.ClosureMetaMethod.invoke(ClosureMetaMethod.java:80) at groovy.lang.MetaClassImpl.invokeMissingMethod(MetaClassImpl.java:933) at groovy.lang.MetaClassImpl.invokePropertyOrMissing(MetaClassImpl.java:1256) at groovy.lang.MetaClassImpl.invokeMethod(MetaClassImpl.java:1209) at groovy.lang.ExpandoMetaClass.invokeMethod(ExpandoMetaClass.java:1110) at groovy.lang.MetaClassImpl.invokeMethod(MetaClassImpl.java:1016) at groovy.lang.MetaClassImpl.invokeMethod(MetaClassImpl.java:1111) at groovy.lang.ExpandoMetaClass.invokeMethod(ExpandoMetaClass.java:1110) at groovy.lang.MetaClassImpl.invokeMethod(MetaClassImpl.java:1016) at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.PogoMetaClassSite.callCurrent(PogoMetaClassSite.java:66) at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.AbstractCallSite.callCurrent(AbstractCallSite.java:141) at gsp_gradleGrailsApp_layoutsmain_gsp$_run_closure1.doCall(gsp_gradleGrailsApp_layoutsmain_gsp.groovy:31) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) at org.codehaus.groovy.reflection.CachedMethod.invoke(CachedMethod.java:90) at groovy.lang.MetaMethod.doMethodInvoke(MetaMethod.java:324) at groovy.lang.MetaClassImpl.invokeMethod(MetaClassImpl.java:1207) at groovy.lang.ExpandoMetaClass.invokeMethod(ExpandoMetaClass.java:1110) at groovy.lang.MetaClassImpl.invokeMethod(MetaClassImpl.java:1016) at groovy.lang.Closure.call(Closure.java:423) at groovy.lang.Closure.call(Closure.java:417) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.taglib.GroovyPageTagBody.executeClosure(GroovyPageTagBody.java:206) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.taglib.GroovyPageTagBody.captureClosureOutput(GroovyPageTagBody.java:108) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.taglib.GroovyPageTagBody.call(GroovyPageTagBody.java:219) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.plugins.web.taglib.SitemeshTagLib.captureTagContent(SitemeshTagLib.groovy:49) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.plugins.web.taglib.SitemeshTagLib.captureTagContent(SitemeshTagLib.groovy) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.plugins.web.taglib.SitemeshTagLib$_closure1.doCall(SitemeshTagLib.groovy:125) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) at org.codehaus.groovy.reflection.CachedMethod.invoke(CachedMethod.java:90) at groovy.lang.MetaMethod.doMethodInvoke(MetaMethod.java:324) at groovy.lang.MetaClassImpl.invokeMethod(MetaClassImpl.java:1207) at groovy.lang.ExpandoMetaClass.invokeMethod(ExpandoMetaClass.java:1110) at groovy.lang.MetaClassImpl.invokeMethod(MetaClassImpl.java:1016) at groovy.lang.Closure.call(Closure.java:423) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.pages.GroovyPage.invokeTagLibClosure(GroovyPage.java:501) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.pages.GroovyPage.invokeTag(GroovyPage.java:419) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.pages.GroovyPage$invokeTag$4.callCurrent(Unknown Source) at gsp_gradleGrailsApp_layoutsmain_gsp.run(gsp_gradleGrailsApp_layoutsmain_gsp.groovy:44) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.pages.GroovyPageWritable.doWriteTo(GroovyPageWritable.java:217) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.pages.GroovyPageWritable.writeTo(GroovyPageWritable.java:128) at org.codehaus.groovy.grails.web.servlet.view.GroovyPageView.renderTemplate(GroovyPageView.java:71) ... 40 more
编辑以包括main.gsp清单：
<!DOCTYPE html> <!--[if lt IE 7 ]> <html lang="en" class="no-js ie6"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 7 ]> <html lang="en" class="no-js ie7"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 8 ]> <html lang="en" class="no-js ie8"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 9 ]> <html lang="en" class="no-js ie9"> <![endif]--> <!--[if (gt IE 9)|!(IE)]><!--> <html lang="en" class="no-js"><!--<![endif]--> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <title><g:layoutTitle default="Grails"/></title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="${assetPath(src: 'favicon.ico')}" type="image/x-icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="${assetPath(src: 'apple-touch-icon.png')}"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="${assetPath(src: 'apple-touch-icon-retina.png')}"> <asset:stylesheet src="application.css"/> <asset:javascript src="application.js"/> <g:layoutHead/> </head> <body> <div id="grailsLogo" role="banner"><a href="http://grails.org"><asset:image src="grails_logo.png" alt="Grails"/></a></div> <g:layoutBody/> <div class="footer" role="contentinfo"></div> <div id="spinner" class="spinner" style="display:none;"><g:message code="spinner.alt" default="Loading…"/></div> </body> </html>
啊，找到了。问题是部署时该项目是由Gradle Grails插件构建的。他们的文档中有一个衬板（Gradle Grails插件）：
使用Grails Gradle插件绕过了Gradle的常规Grails应用程序构建框架。这样的结果是不再为存储库或依赖项信息查询BuildConfig.groovy。
因此，将忽略BuildConfig.groovy中包含的插件，并使用build.gradle中定义的插件（不包括资产管道插件）来构建它。因此，“ grails run-war”创建的战争文件不同于“ gradle war”创建的战争文件。解压缩2个war文件显示出结构上的差异。将依赖项从BuildConfig.groovy移至build.gradle意味着war文件已正确构建。
感谢@JoshuaMoore的最初提示，这就是使我走上正轨的原因。
