我已经安装了Spring 3.1.1.jar和Tomcat6.0。当我尝试运行简单的一个bean应用程序（它仅具有一个hello worldstmt）时，出现以下异常。
May 25, 2012 6:58:51 PM org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init INFO: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: /usr/java/jdk1.7.0/jre/lib/i386/server:/usr/java/jdk1.7.0/jre/lib/i386:/usr/java/jdk1.7.0/jre/../lib/i386:/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.0/jre/lib/i386/client:/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.0/jre/lib/i386::/usr/java/packages/lib/i386:/lib:/usr/lib May 25, 2012 6:58:51 PM org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.SetPropertiesRule begin WARNING: [SetPropertiesRule]{Server/Service/Engine/Host/Context} Setting property 'source' to 'org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:CMWP' did not find a matching property. May 25, 2012 6:58:51 PM org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol init INFO: Initializing Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080 May 25, 2012 6:58:51 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load INFO: Initialization processed in 886 ms May 25, 2012 6:58:51 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService start INFO: Starting service Catalina May 25, 2012 6:58:51 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine start INFO: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/6.0.32 May 25, 2012 6:58:52 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log INFO: Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext May 25, 2012 6:58:52 PM org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader initWebApplicationContext INFO: Root WebApplicationContext: initialization started May 25, 2012 6:58:52 PM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh INFO: Refreshing Root WebApplicationContext: startup date [Fri May 25 18:58:52 IST 2012]; root of context hierarchy May 25, 2012 6:58:52 PM org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader initWebApplicationContext SEVERE: Context initialization failed java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.createBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:195) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:128) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:522) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:436) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:385) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:284) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:111) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4205) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4704) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:840) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:463) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:525) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:754) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:595) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:289) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:414) Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.<clinit>(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:106) ... 22 more May 25, 2012 6:58:52 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext listenerStart SEVERE: Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.createBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:195) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:128) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:522) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:436) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:385) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:284) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:111) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4205) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4704) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:840) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:463) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:525) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:754) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:595) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:289) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:414) Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.<clinit>(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:106) ... 22 more May 25, 2012 6:58:52 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start SEVERE: Error listenerStart May 25, 2012 6:58:52 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start SEVERE: Context [/CMWP] startup failed due to previous errors May 25, 2012 6:58:52 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log INFO: Closing Spring root WebApplicationContext May 25, 2012 6:58:52 PM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext doClose INFO: Closing Root WebApplicationContext: startup date [Fri May 25 18:58:52 IST 2012]; root of context hierarchy May 25, 2012 6:58:52 PM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext doClose WARNING: Exception thrown from ApplicationListener handling ContextClosedEvent java.lang.IllegalStateException: ApplicationEventMulticaster not initialized - call 'refresh' before multicasting events via the context: Root WebApplicationContext: startup date [Fri May 25 18:58:52 IST 2012]; root of context hierarchy at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getApplicationEventMulticaster(AbstractApplicationContext.java:337) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.publishEvent(AbstractApplicationContext.java:324) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1025) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.close(AbstractApplicationContext.java:988) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.closeWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:556) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextDestroyed(ContextLoaderListener.java:142) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStop(StandardContext.java:4244) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.stop(StandardContext.java:4879) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4749) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:840) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:463) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:525) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:754) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:595) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:289) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:414) May 25, 2012 6:58:52 PM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext doClose WARNING: Exception thrown from LifecycleProcessor on context close java.lang.IllegalStateException: LifecycleProcessor not initialized - call 'refresh' before invoking lifecycle methods via the context: Root WebApplicationContext: startup date [Fri May 25 18:58:52 IST 2012]; root of context hierarchy at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getLifecycleProcessor(AbstractApplicationContext.java:350) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1033) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.close(AbstractApplicationContext.java:988) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.closeWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:556) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextDestroyed(ContextLoaderListener.java:142) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStop(StandardContext.java:4244) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.stop(StandardContext.java:4879) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4749) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:840) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:463) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:525) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:754) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:595) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:289) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:414) May 25, 2012 6:58:52 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext listenerStop SEVERE: Exception sending context destroyed event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener java.lang.IllegalStateException: BeanFactory not initialized or already closed - call 'refresh' before accessing beans via the ApplicationContext at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.getBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:172) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.destroyBeans(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1066) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1040) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.close(AbstractApplicationContext.java:988) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.closeWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:556) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextDestroyed(ContextLoaderListener.java:142) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStop(StandardContext.java:4244) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.stop(StandardContext.java:4879) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4749) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:840) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:463) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:525) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:754) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:595) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:289) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:414) May 25, 2012 6:58:52 PM org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol start INFO: Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080 May 25, 2012 6:58:52 PM org.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket init INFO: JK: ajp13 listening on /0.0.0.0:8009 May 25, 2012 6:58:52 PM org.apache.jk.server.JkMain start INFO: Jk running ID=0 time=0/32 config=null May 25, 2012 6:58:52 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start INFO: Server startup in 600 ms
我的/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml看起来像这样
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd"> <bean name="abcd" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailFactoryBean"> <property name="jobClass" value="YYYY" /> </bean> <bean class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean"> <property name="triggers"> <list> <ref bean="cronTrigger" /> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- the cron trigger that is used by the scheduler to run the syncdbjob --> <bean id="cronTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean"> <property name="jobDetail" ref="abcd" /> <property name="cronExpression" value="0 17 18 * * ?" /> </bean> </beans>
我的web.xml看起来像这样
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <display-name>CMWP</display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> </web-app>
我在这里做错了什么？
问题根源所在的行包含：
javaxInjectProviderClass = cl.loadClass("javax.inject.Provider");
而且cl（DefaultListableBeanFactory.class.getClassLoader()）似乎为空，这意味着DefaultListableBeanFactory是由ApplicationClassLoader而不是Tomcat的WebApp或Shared classloader加载的。
cl
DefaultListableBeanFactory.class.getClassLoader()
也许您已经将spring-beans-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar放入了认可的目录，或者放在Java安装目录中？
