一尘不染

更改Docker容器中的默认路由

docker

我有一个Docker容器连接到两个网络,即默认桥和自定义桥。通过默认值,它仅在默认网络中链接到另一个容器,并且通过自定义网桥,它在本地网络中获取IP地址。

LAN -- [homenet] -- container1 -- [bridge] -- container2

sudo docker network inspect homenet
[{  "Name": "homenet",
    "Scope": "local",
    "Driver": "bridge",
    "EnableIPv6": false,
    "IPAM": {
        "Driver": "default",
        "Options": {},
        "Config": [{ "Subnet": "192.168.130.0/24",
                     "Gateway": "192.168.130.8",
                     "AuxiliaryAddresses": { "DefaultGatewayIPv4": "192.168.130.3" }}]
    },
    "Internal": false,
    "Containers": {
        "$cid1": { "Name": "container",
                   "EndpointID": "$eid1_1",
                   "MacAddress": "$mac1_1",
                   "IPv4Address": "192.168.130.38/24", }
    },
    "Options": { "com.docker.network.bridge.name": "br-homenet" },
    "Labels": {}}]

和桥:

sudo docker network inspect bridge

[{
    "Name": "bridge",
    "Scope": "local",
    "Driver": "bridge",
    "EnableIPv6": false,
    "IPAM": {
        "Driver": "default",
        "Options": null,
        "Config": [{ "Subnet": "172.17.0.0/16" }]
    },
    "Internal": false,
    "Containers": { 
      "$cid2": {
            "Name": "container2",
            "EndpointID": "$eid2",
            "MacAddress": "$mac2",
            "IPv4Address": "172.17.0.2/16",
            "IPv6Address": "" }, 
      "$cid1": {
            "Name": "container1",
            "EndpointID": "$eid1_2",
            "MacAddress": "$mac1_2",
            "IPv4Address": "172.17.0.3/16",
            "IPv6Address": "" }
    },
    "Options": {
        "com.docker.network.bridge.default_bridge": "true",
        "com.docker.network.bridge.enable_icc": "true",
        "com.docker.network.bridge.enable_ip_masquerade": "true",
        "com.docker.network.bridge.host_binding_ipv4": "0.0.0.0",
        "com.docker.network.bridge.name": "docker0",
        "com.docker.network.driver.mtu": "1500"
    },
    "Labels": {}
}]

这在内部网络上效果很好,但是,我遇到了路由问题:

sudo  docker exec -it container1 route -n

Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         172.17.0.1      0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eth0
172.17.0.0      0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     0      0        0 eth0
192.168.130.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth1

如何将默认路由更改为192.169.130.3,以使该路由持续重启?

我可以在container1运行时更改它

 pid=$(sudo docker inspect -f '{{.State.Pid}}' container1)
 sudo mkdir -p /var/run/netns
 sudo ln -s /proc/$pid/ns/net /var/run/netns/$pid
 sudo ip netns exec $pid ip route del default 
 sudo ip netns exec $pid ip route add default via 192.168.130.3

但是重启后就消失了。我该如何改变?

更新:
显然,网络的词典顺序也可能是问题的一部分。如果有机会,我将对其进行测试。


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2020-06-17

共1个答案

一尘不染

如果我理解这个问题,问题是: 重新启动连接到多个网桥的容器时,如何优先使用网桥作为默认路由?

我搜索了可用选项并进行了一些测试,当容器连接到多个网桥时,我没有找到任何docker命令行选项来指定默认路由或首选网桥作为默认桥。当我重新启动连接到默认桥(bridge)和自定义桥(your
homenet)的容器时,默认路由会自动设置为使用默认桥(gateway 172.17.0.1)。这与您描述的行为相对应。

解决方案1:在运行命令中指定一个启动脚本,该脚本负责更改默认路由并启动您的容器必须运行的服务

docker run \
  --cap-add NET_ADMIN \ # to allow changing net settings inside the container 
  --name container1 \
  --restart always \ # restart policy
  your_image \
  /path/to/your_start_script.sh

your_start_script.sh

ip route del default 
ip route add default via 192.168.130.3

# here goes instructions/services your container is supposed to run

该脚本必须在容器内可用,它可以在共享文件夹(-v选项)上,或者在使用Dockerfile构建映像时加载。

注意:在将容器连接到自定义网桥(docker network connect homenet container1)之前,your_start_script.sh它将崩溃,因为默认路由与任何可用的网络都不对应。

我测试了将ip route内部container1运行的输出记录为--restart always,将其连接到自定义桥后,它具有所需的默认路由。

解决方案2:在容器启动事件中设置来自主机的容器默认路由

docker events --filter "container=container1" |\
  awk '/container start/ { system("/path/to/route_setting.sh") }'

其中route_setting.sh包含有关更改容器默认路线的说明:

pid=$(sudo docker inspect -f '{{.State.Pid}}' container1)
sudo mkdir -p /var/run/netns
sudo ln -s /proc/$pid/ns/net /var/run/netns/$pid
sudo ip netns exec $pid ip route del default 
sudo ip netns exec $pid ip route add default via 192.168.130.3

此解决方案避免为容器授予特殊权限,并将路由更改责任转移给主机。

2020-06-17