如果我执行以下操作:
import subprocess from cStringIO import StringIO subprocess.Popen(['grep','f'],stdout=subprocess.PIPE,stdin=StringIO('one\ntwo\nthree\nfour\nfive\nsix\n')).communicate()[0]
我得到:
Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in ? File "/build/toolchain/mac32/python-2.4.3/lib/python2.4/subprocess.py", line 533, in __init__ (p2cread, p2cwrite, File "/build/toolchain/mac32/python-2.4.3/lib/python2.4/subprocess.py", line 830, in _get_handles p2cread = stdin.fileno() AttributeError: 'cStringIO.StringI' object has no attribute 'fileno'
显然,cStringIO.StringIO对象没有足够接近库中的子程序来适应subprocess.Popen。我该如何解决?
Popen.communicate() 说明文件:
Popen.communicate()
请注意,如果要将数据发送到进程的stdin,则需要使用stdin = PIPE创建Popen对象。同样,要在结果元组中获得除None以外的任何内容,你还需要提供stdout = PIPE和/或stderr = PIPE。
stdin = PIPE
stdout = PIPE
stderr = PIPE
替换os.popen *
os.popen *
pipe = os.popen(cmd, 'w', bufsize) # ==> pipe = Popen(cmd, shell=True, bufsize=bufsize, stdin=PIPE).stdin
警告使用communication()而不是stdin.write(),stdout.read()或stderr.read()来避免死锁,因为任何其他OS管道缓冲区填满并阻塞了子进程。
communication()
stdin.write()
stdout.read()
stderr.read()
因此,你的示例可以编写如下:
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE, STDOUT p = Popen(['grep', 'f'], stdout=PIPE, stdin=PIPE, stderr=STDOUT) grep_stdout = p.communicate(input=b'one\ntwo\nthree\nfour\nfive\nsix\n')[0] print(grep_stdout.decode()) # -> four # -> five # ->
在当前的Python 3版本中,你可以使用subprocess.run,将输入作为字符串传递给外部命令并获取其退出状态,并在一次调用中将输出作为字符串返回:
subprocess.run
#!/usr/bin/env python3 from subprocess import run, PIPE p = run(['grep', 'f'], stdout=PIPE, input='one\ntwo\nthree\nfour\nfive\nsix\n', encoding='ascii') print(p.returncode) # -> 0 print(p.stdout) # -> four # -> five # ->