不幸的是，如果您需要基于Enum的序数或名称之外的其他内容进行序列化，则@Enumerated无效。我设法找到了一种解决方案（从此处进行了稍微修改）。

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.type.AbstractSingleColumnStandardBasicType;
import org.hibernate.type.TypeResolver;
import org.hibernate.usertype.ParameterizedType;
import org.hibernate.usertype.UserType;

public class GenericEnumUserType implements UserType, ParameterizedType {

    private Class<? extends Enum> enumClass;
    private Class<?> identifierType;
    private Method identifierMethod;
    private Method valueOfMethod;
    private static final String defaultIdentifierMethodName = "name";
    private static final String defaultValueOfMethodName = "valueOf";
    private AbstractSingleColumnStandardBasicType type;
    private int[] sqlTypes;

    @Override
    public void setParameterValues( Properties parameters )
    {
        String enumClassName = parameters.getProperty("enumClass");
        try
        {
            enumClass = Class.forName( enumClassName ).asSubclass( Enum.class );
        }
        catch (ClassNotFoundException exception) {
            throw new HibernateException("Enum class not found", exception);
        }

        String identifierMethodName = parameters.getProperty( "identifierMethod", defaultIdentifierMethodName );

        try
        {
            identifierMethod = enumClass.getMethod( identifierMethodName,
                                                    new Class[0]);
            identifierType = identifierMethod.getReturnType();
        }
        catch (Exception exception)
        {
            throw new HibernateException("Failed to optain identifier method",
                    exception);
        }

        TypeResolver tr = new TypeResolver();
        type = (AbstractSingleColumnStandardBasicType)tr.basic( identifierType.getName() );
        if (type == null)
        {
            throw new HibernateException( "Unsupported identifier type " + identifierType.getName() );
        }
        sqlTypes = new int[] { type.sqlType() };

        String valueOfMethodName = parameters.getProperty( "valueOfMethod",
                                                           defaultValueOfMethodName);

        try
        {
            valueOfMethod = enumClass.getMethod( valueOfMethodName,
                                                 new Class[] { identifierType } );
        }
        catch ( Exception exception )
        {
            throw new HibernateException( "Failed to optain valueOf method",
                                          exception);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Class returnedClass()
    {
        return enumClass;
    }

    @Override
    public Object nullSafeGet( ResultSet rs, String[] names, Object owner )
        throws HibernateException, SQLException
    {
        Object identifier = type.get( rs, names[0] );
        try
        {
            return valueOfMethod.invoke( enumClass, new Object[] { identifier } );
        }
        catch ( Exception exception )
        {
            throw new HibernateException( "Exception while invoking valueOfMethod of enumeration class: ",
                                          exception);
        }
    }

    public void nullSafeSet( PreparedStatement st, Object value, int index )
        throws HibernateException, SQLException
    {
        try
        {
            Object identifier = value != null ? identifierMethod.invoke( value,
                                                                         new Object[0] ) : null;
            st.setObject( index, identifier );
        }
        catch ( Exception exception )
        {
            throw new HibernateException( "Exception while invoking identifierMethod of enumeration class: ",
                                          exception );

        }
    }

    @Override
    public int[] sqlTypes()
    {
        return sqlTypes;
    }

    @Override
    public Object assemble( Serializable cached, Object owner )
        throws HibernateException
    {
        return cached;
    }

    @Override
    public Object deepCopy( Object value )
        throws HibernateException
    {
        return value;
    }

    @Override
    public Serializable disassemble( Object value )
        throws HibernateException
    {
        return (Serializable) value;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals( Object x, Object y )
        throws HibernateException
    {
        return x == y;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode( Object x )
        throws HibernateException
    {
        return x.hashCode();
    }

    public boolean isMutable()
    {
        return false;
    }

    public Object replace( Object original, Object target, Object owner )
        throws HibernateException
    {
        return original;
    }
}