我的应用无法自动装配entityManagerFactory。

我的 applicationContext.xml ：

<tx:annotation-driven/>
<context:component-scan base-package="top.level.package" />

<bean id="persistenceUnitManager"     
    class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.persistenceunit.DefaultPersistenceUnitManager">
    <property name="persistenceXmlLocation">
        <value>classpath:jpa-persistence.xml</value>
    </property>
</bean>

<bean id="entityManagerFactory"      
    class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
    <property name="persistenceUnitManager" ref="persistenceUnitManager" />
</bean>

<bean id="transactionManager" 
    class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
    <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
</bean>

我的 java课 ：

@Component
public class Engine {

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("entityManagerFactory")
    private EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory;
......
}

题：

为什么entityManagerFactory为空？