这是我的环境:
[lorneli@localhost GoTest]$ go version go version go1.9 linux/amd64
这是我的程序:
package main type request struct { ID string size uint32 off uint64 } func main() { r := request{} iter := interface{}(&r) // &r escapes to heap iters := make([]interface{}, 0) iters = append(iters, iter) }
我分配了一个request实例,并将其指针转换为interface{}。但是当用flag分析时-gcflags "-m",我发现实例在转换时转义为堆。为什么会这样?
request
interface{}
-gcflags "-m"
这是分析结果:
[lorneli@localhost GoTest]$ go build -gcflags "-m" # _/mnt/hgfs/vmfolder/workspace/GoTest ./main.go:9:6: can inline main ./main.go:11:21: (interface {})(&r) escapes to heap ./main.go:11:22: &r escapes to heap ./main.go:10:15: moved to heap: r ./main.go:12:15: main make([]interface {}, 0) does not escape
我认为此案例与“逃逸分析缺陷”中列出的任何案例都不匹配。
简化您的示例。用进行分析-gcflags='-m -m'。
-gcflags='-m -m'
范例1 :
package main func main() { var v int s := make([]*int, 0) s = append(s, &v) // &v escapes to heap }
输出:
$ go version go version devel +df8c2b905b Tue Mar 6 06:13:17 2018 +0000 linux/amd64 $ go run -gcflags='-m -m' esc.go # command-line-arguments ./esc.go:3:6: can inline main as: func() { var v int; v = <N>; s := make([]*int, 0); s = append(s, &v) } ./esc.go:6:16: &v escapes to heap ./esc.go:6:16: from append(s, &v) (appended to slice) at ./esc.go:6:12 ./esc.go:4:6: moved to heap: v ./esc.go:5:11: main make([]*int, 0) does not escape $
转义分析确定是否有任何对值的引用转义声明该值的函数。v在函数中声明的对变量的引用main作为函数的参数进行转义append:&v escapes to heap from append(s, &v),moved to heap: v。
v
main
append
&v escapes to heap from append(s, &v)
moved to heap: v
范例2 :
package main func main() { var v int lc := 1 s := make([]*int, lc) s[0] = &v } $ go run -gcflags='-m -m' esc2.go ./esc2.go:3:6: can inline main as: func() { var v int; v = <N>; lc := 1; s := make([]*int, lc); s[0] = &v } ./esc2.go:6:11: make([]*int, lc) escapes to heap ./esc2.go:6:11: from make([]*int, lc) (too large for stack) at ./esc2.go:6:11 ./esc2.go:7:9: &v escapes to heap ./esc2.go:7:9: from s[0] (slice-element-equals) at ./esc2.go:7:7 ./esc2.go:4:6: moved to heap: v $
type slice struct { array unsafe.Pointer len int cap int }
make切片返回切片描述符struct(指向基础数组,长度和容量的指针)并分配基础切片元素数组。底层数组通常在堆上分配:make([]*int, lc) escapes to heap from make([]*int, lc)。
make
struct
make([]*int, lc) escapes to heap from make([]*int, lc)
s[0] = &v存储对变量的引用v(&v)在堆上底层阵列中:&v escapes to heap from s[0] (slice- element-equals),moved to heap: v。函数结束并回收其堆栈之后,引用将保留在堆上,直到对基础数组进行垃圾回收为止。
s[0] = &v
&v
&v escapes to heap from s[0] (slice- element-equals)
如果make切片容量是一个小的(编译时)常数,则make([]*int, 1)在您的示例中,基础数组可能会分配在堆栈上。但是,转义分析没有考虑到这一点。
make([]*int, 1)