TL：DR版本：

//Objective-C
[self.picker selectRow:2 inComponent:0 animated:YES];
//Swift
picker.selectRow(2, inComponent:0, animated:true)

您没有将选择器设置为选择行（您说您似乎已经完成了，但是无论如何）：

- (void)selectRow:(NSInteger)row inComponent:(NSInteger)component animated:(BOOL)animated

或者您没有使用以下方法从选择器中获取所选项目

- (NSInteger)selectedRowInComponent:(NSInteger)component

这将从您的选择器中将选定的行作为整数获取，并根据需要进行操作。这应该可以解决问题。祝好运。

无论如何阅读参考：https：
//developer.apple.com/documentation/uikit/uipickerview

编辑：

在UIPickerView中手动设置和获取所选行的示例：

.h文件：

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface ViewController : UIViewController <UIPickerViewDelegate, UIPickerViewDataSource>
{
    UIPickerView *picker;
    NSMutableArray *source;
}

@property (nonatomic,retain) UIPickerView *picker;
@property (nonatomic,retain) NSMutableArray *source;

-(void)pressed;

@end

.m文件：

#import "ViewController.h"

@interface ViewController ()

@end
@implementation ViewController

@synthesize picker;
@synthesize source;

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
}

- (void)viewDidUnload
{
    [super viewDidUnload];
    // Release any retained subviews of the main view.
}

- (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation
{
    return YES;
}

- (void) viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated
{
    [super viewWillAppear:animated];

    self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];

    self.source = [[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"EU", @"USA", @"ASIA", nil];

    UIButton *pressme = [[UIButton alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 20, 280, 80)];
    [pressme setTitle:@"Press me!!!" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    pressme.backgroundColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];
    [pressme addTarget:self action:@selector(pressed) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [self.view addSubview:pressme];

    self.picker = [[UIPickerView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 110, 280, 300)];
    self.picker.delegate = self;
    self.picker.dataSource = self;
    [self.view addSubview:self.picker];

    //This is how you manually SET(!!) a selection!
    [self.picker selectRow:2 inComponent:0 animated:YES];
}

//logs the current selection of the picker manually
-(void)pressed
{
    //This is how you manually GET(!!) a selection
    int row = [self.picker selectedRowInComponent:0];

    NSLog(@"%@", [source objectAtIndex:row]);
}

- (NSInteger)numberOfComponentsInPickerView:
(UIPickerView *)pickerView
{
    return 1;
}

- (NSInteger)pickerView:(UIPickerView *)pickerView
numberOfRowsInComponent:(NSInteger)component
{
    return [source count];
}

- (NSString *)pickerView:(UIPickerView *)pickerView
             titleForRow:(NSInteger)row
            forComponent:(NSInteger)component
{
    return [source objectAtIndex:row];
}

#pragma mark -
#pragma mark PickerView Delegate
-(void)pickerView:(UIPickerView *)pickerView didSelectRow:(NSInteger)row
      inComponent:(NSInteger)component
{
//    NSLog(@"%@", [source objectAtIndex:row]);
}

@end

编辑Swift解决方案（来源：Dan Beaulieu的答案）

定义插座：

@IBOutlet weak var pickerView: UIPickerView!  // for example

然后，例如，在您的 viewWillAppear 或 viewDidLoad中 ，可以使用以下代码：

pickerView.selectRow(rowMin, inComponent: 0, animated: true)
pickerView.selectRow(rowSec, inComponent: 1, animated: true)

如果检查Swift 2.0框架，则会看到.selectRow定义为：

func selectRow(row: Int, inComponent component: Int, animated: Bool)

单击 Xcode中的.selectRow 选项 ，将显示以下内容：