一尘不染

带有PHP的jQuery Ajax POST示例

javascript

我正在尝试将数据从表单发送到数据库。这是我使用的表格:

<form name="foo" action="form.php" method="POST" id="foo">
    <label for="bar">A bar</label>
    <input id="bar" name="bar" type="text" value="" />
    <input type="submit" value="Send" />
</form>

典型的方法是提交表单,但这会导致浏览器重定向。使用jQuery和Ajax,是否可以捕获表单的所有数据并将其提交给PHP脚本(例如
form.php )?


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2020-04-22

共1个答案

一尘不染

的基本用法.ajax如下所示:

HTML:

<form id="foo">
    <label for="bar">A bar</label>
    <input id="bar" name="bar" type="text" value="" />

    <input type="submit" value="Send" />
</form>

jQuery的:

// Variable to hold request
var request;

// Bind to the submit event of our form
$("#foo").submit(function(event){

    // Prevent default posting of form - put here to work in case of errors
    event.preventDefault();

    // Abort any pending request
    if (request) {
        request.abort();
    }
    // setup some local variables
    var $form = $(this);

    // Let's select and cache all the fields
    var $inputs = $form.find("input, select, button, textarea");

    // Serialize the data in the form
    var serializedData = $form.serialize();

    // Let's disable the inputs for the duration of the Ajax request.
    // Note: we disable elements AFTER the form data has been serialized.
    // Disabled form elements will not be serialized.
    $inputs.prop("disabled", true);

    // Fire off the request to /form.php
    request = $.ajax({
        url: "/form.php",
        type: "post",
        data: serializedData
    });

    // Callback handler that will be called on success
    request.done(function (response, textStatus, jqXHR){
        // Log a message to the console
        console.log("Hooray, it worked!");
    });

    // Callback handler that will be called on failure
    request.fail(function (jqXHR, textStatus, errorThrown){
        // Log the error to the console
        console.error(
            "The following error occurred: "+
            textStatus, errorThrown
        );
    });

    // Callback handler that will be called regardless
    // if the request failed or succeeded
    request.always(function () {
        // Reenable the inputs
        $inputs.prop("disabled", false);
    });

});

注:由于jQuery的1.8.success().error().complete()支持已被弃用.done().fail()并且.always()

注意:请记住,上面的代码段必须在DOM准备就绪后完成,因此您应该将其放在$(document).ready()处理程序中(或使用$()简写形式)。

提示:您可以 像这样链接回调处理程序:$.ajax().done().fail().always();

PHP(即form.php):

// You can access the values posted by jQuery.ajax
// through the global variable $_POST, like this:
$bar = isset($_POST['bar']) ? $_POST['bar'] : null;

注意:始终 清理发布的数据,以防止注入和其他恶意代码。

你也可以使用速记.post代替.ajax在上面的JavaScript代码:

$.post('/form.php', serializedData, function(response) {
    // Log the response to the console
    console.log("Response: "+response);
});

注意:上面的JavaScript代码适用于jQuery 1.8及更高版本,但它应适用于jQuery 1.5之前的版本。

2020-04-22