一尘不染

如何使用Json.Net将JSON数组反序列化为对象?

json

我有一个带有JSON数组的有效JSON对象。JSON数组没有花括号,并且包含逗号分隔的混合类型列表。看起来像这样:

{
    "ID": 17,
    "Days": 979,
    "Start_Date": "10/13/2012",
    "End_Date": "11/12/2012",
    "State": "",
    "Page": 1,
    "Test": "Valid",
    "ROWS": [
        [441210, "A", "12/31/2009", "OK", "Done", "KELLEY and Co'", "12/31/2009", "06/29/2010", "TEXAS", "Lawyers", 6, "", "<img src=\"/includes/images/Icon_done.gif\" border=\"0\" alt=\"Done\" title=\"Done\" />"],
        [441151, "B", "12/31/2009", "No", "In-process", "Sage & Co", "12/31/2009", "06/29/2010", "CALIFORNIA", "Realtor", 6, "", "<img src=\"/includes/images/Icon_InProcess.gif\" border=\"0\" alt=\"In Process\" title=\"In Process\" />"]
    ]
}

我创建了一个反映JSON结构的类,为复杂数组提供了一个List:

class myModel
{
    public int ID { get; set; }
    public int Days { get; set; }
    public DateTime StartDate { get; set; }
    public DateTime EndDate { get; set; }
    public string State { get; set; }
    public string Page { get; set; }
    public string Test { get; set; }
    List<ChildModel> Rows { get; set; }
}

我也用列表列表进行了测试:

List<List<ChildModel>> Rows { get; set; }

子模型如下所示:

class ChildModel
{
    public int ID { get; set; }
    public string StatusId { get; set; }
    public DateTime ContactDate { get; set; }
    public string State { get; set; }
    public string Status { get; set; }
    public string CustomerName { get; set; }
    public DateTime WorkStartDate { get; set; }
    public DateTime WorkEndDate { get; set; }
    public string Territory { get; set; }
    public string CustType { get; set; }
    public int JobOrder { get; set; }
    public string Filler { get; set; }
    public string Link { get; set; }
}

在我的program.cs文件中,我正在反序列化如下:

using (StreamReader r = new StreamReader(@"D:\01.json"))
{
    myModel items = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<myModel>(r.ReadToEnd());
}

当我运行该程序时,子对象(Rows)始终为null。我究竟做错了什么?


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2020-07-27

共1个答案

一尘不染

Json.Net没有将数组自动映射到类的功能。为此,您需要一个自定义JsonConverter。这是一个应该为您工作的通用转换器。它使用一个自定义[JsonArrayIndex]属性来标识类中的哪些属性与数组中的哪些索引相对应。如果JSON更改,这将使您轻松更新模型。另外,您可以安全地忽略类中不需要的属性,例如Filler

这是代码:

public class JsonArrayIndexAttribute : Attribute
{
    public int Index { get; private set; }
    public JsonArrayIndexAttribute(int index)
    {
        Index = index;
    }
}

public class ArrayToObjectConverter<T> : JsonConverter where T : class, new()
{
    public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
    {
        return objectType == typeof(T);
    }

    public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        JArray array = JArray.Load(reader);

        var propsByIndex = typeof(T).GetProperties()
            .Where(p => p.CanRead && p.CanWrite && p.GetCustomAttribute<JsonArrayIndexAttribute>() != null)
            .ToDictionary(p => p.GetCustomAttribute<JsonArrayIndexAttribute>().Index);

        JObject obj = new JObject(array
            .Select((jt, i) =>
            {
                PropertyInfo prop;
                return propsByIndex.TryGetValue(i, out prop) ? new JProperty(prop.Name, jt) : null;
            })
            .Where(jp => jp != null)
        );

        T target = new T();
        serializer.Populate(obj.CreateReader(), target);

        return target;
    }

    public override bool CanWrite
    {
        get { return false; }
    }

    public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

要使用转换器,您需要标记您的ChildModel班级,如下所示:

[JsonConverter(typeof(ArrayToObjectConverter<ChildModel>))]
class ChildModel
{
    [JsonArrayIndex(0)]
    public int ID { get; set; }
    [JsonArrayIndex(1)]
    public string StatusId { get; set; }
    [JsonArrayIndex(2)]
    public DateTime ContactDate { get; set; }
    [JsonArrayIndex(3)]
    public string State { get; set; }
    [JsonArrayIndex(4)]
    public string Status { get; set; }
    [JsonArrayIndex(5)]
    public string CustomerName { get; set; }
    [JsonArrayIndex(6)]
    public DateTime WorkStartDate { get; set; }
    [JsonArrayIndex(7)]
    public DateTime WorkEndDate { get; set; }
    [JsonArrayIndex(8)]
    public string Territory { get; set; }
    [JsonArrayIndex(9)]
    public string CustType { get; set; }
    [JsonArrayIndex(10)]
    public int JobOrder { get; set; }
    [JsonArrayIndex(12)]
    public string Link { get; set; }
}

然后,只需像往常一样反序列化,它就可以按照您的要求工作。这是一个演示:https :
//dotnetfiddle.net/n3oE3L

注意:我没有实现WriteJson,因此,如果您将模型序列化回JSON,它将不会序列化回数组格式。相反,它将使用默认的对象序列化。

2020-07-27